ASTM_D_789_-_19.pdf

Designation:D78919Standard Test Method forDetermination of Relative Viscosity of ConcentratedPolyamide(PA)Solutions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D789;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of relativeviscosity as it applies to concentrated solutions of polyamide(PA).1.2 This test method does not address measures of viscosityderived from measurements with dilute solutions.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in brackets are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1This standard and ISO 307 address the same subject,buy thetechnical content is different.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometersand Viscosity Oil StandardsD6779 Classification System for and Basis of Specificationfor Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials(PA)E1953 Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis andRheology ApparatusE2975 Test Method for Calibration or Calibration Verifica-tion of Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometers2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 307 Determination of Viscosity Number of Polyamidesin Dilute SolutionsISO 16396-1 PlasticsPolyamide(PA)moulding and extru-sion materialsPart 1:Designation system,marking ofproducts and basis for specificationsISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence ofTesting and Calibration Laboratories3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions used in these test methodsare in accordance with Terminology D883.4.Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are intended for use as control andacceptance tests.They are also applicable in the partialevaluation of materials for specific end uses and as a means fordetecting changes in materials due to specific deterioratingcauses.4.2 The steps involved in running this method are:4.2.1 Calibration of the viscometers,4.2.2 Preparation of solutions,4.2.3 Determination of efflux time,4.2.4 Calculation of relative viscosity(which requires thefollowing),4.2.4.1 Determining the density of the polymer/formic acidsolution,and4.2.4.2 Determining the absolute viscosity of the formicacid used.4.3 Solvents used to prepare concentrated solutions for usein this test method are formic acid(9.2.6.1)and m-cresol(9.2.6.2).4.4 Solvents used to prepare dilute solutions of variouspolyamides are designated in ASTM D6779,ISO 16396,andISO 307.These include:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials(Section D20.15.09).Current edition approved Aug.1,2019.Published August 2019.Originallyapproved in 1944.Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D789-18.DOI:10.1520/D0789-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.4.1 Formic AcidPA 6,PA 46,PA 66,PA 69,PA 610,PAMXD6 and corresponding copolyamides4.4.2 Sulfuric AcidPA6,PA46,PA66,PA69,PA610,PA612,PA MXD6 and corresponding copolyamides4.4.3 m-cresolPA 612,PA1010,PA1012,PA 11,PA 12,PA1212,PA 11/12 copolymers,PA 6T/66,PA 6I/66,PA 6I/6T,PA 6T/6I/66,PA 6T/6I,PA 6I/6T/664.4.4 Phenol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane(where legal)PA6T/66,PA 6I/66,PA 6I/6T,PA 6T/6I/66,PA 6T/6I,PA6I/6T/66,PA 6T/66,PA 6I/66,PA 6I/6