ASTM_D_8340_-_21.pdf

Designation:D834021Standard Practice forPerformance-Based Qualification of Spectroscopic AnalyzerSystems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8340;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONSuccessful use of spectroscopic analyzers involves several activities,including sample introduction,analyzer calibration,and analyzer validation.Many of these activities are covered in separate existingdocuments,but not necessarily tied together therein.There are also activities not captured in existingdocuments that are essential for spectroscopic methods.This practice is intended to pull these togetherfor users to employ and show the confidence in an analyzer system.This practice is not limited to specific analyzers or applications.It does provide certain requirementsthat analyzers,associated systems,and software must meet.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers requirements for establishingperformance-based qualification of vibrational spectroscopicanalyzer systems intended to be used to predict the test resultof a material that would be produced by a Primary Test Method(PTM)if the same material is tested by the PTM.1.1.1 This practice provides methodology to establish thelower/upper prediction limits associated with the PredictedPrimary Test Method Result(PPTMR)in 1.1 with a specifieddegree of confidence that would contain the PTM result(iftested by the PTM).1.1.2 The prediction limits in 1.1.1 can be used to estimatethe confidence that product released using the analyzer systembased on a PPTMR that meets PTM-based specification limitswill meet PTM-based specification limits when tested by aPTM.1.2 The practice covers the qualification of on-line,at-line,or laboratory infrared or Raman analyzers used to predictphysical,chemical,or performance properties of liquid petro-leum products and fuels.Infrared analyzers can operate in thenear-infrared(NIR)region,mid-infrared(MIR)region,orboth.1.2.1 This practice applies to all analyzer systems that canmeet the performance requirements defined within.1.2.2This practice is not limited to analyzers designed byany specific instrument manufacturer.1.2.3 This practice allows for multiple calibration tech-niques to create a multivariate model which relates the spectraproduced by the analyzer to the corresponding property deter-mined by a PTM.Spectra can be used to predict multipleproperties,but the analyzer system performance of eachpredicted property is qualified individually.1.3 The practice describes procedures for establishing per-formance requirements for analyzer system applications.Theuser of this practice must establish written protocols to confirmthe procedures are being followed.1.4 This practice makes use of standard practices,guides,and methods already established in ASTM.Additional require-ments are listed within this practice.1.5 Any multivariate model that meets performance require-ments and detects when the spectrum of a sample is an outlier(analysis that represents an extrapolation of the model)or anearest neighbor distance inlier(a spectrum residing in a gap inthe multivariate space)can be used.1.6 This practice can be used with methods for determiningproperties of biofuel blends.Three alternative procedures canbe used.In all three cases,the qualification of the predictedvalues for the blend are established and monitored as part of acontinual program by application of Practice D6122 or bycombined application of Practices D6122 and D3764(seedefinition in section 3.2.3).1.6.1 If the analyzer is used to directly predict a property ofthe biofuel blend,and both the Primary Test Method Result(PTMR)and Predicted Primary Test Method Result(PPTMR)1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.25 on Performance Assessment and Validation of Process StreamAnalyzer Systems.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published December 2021.Originallyapproved in 2020.Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D8340 20a.DOI:10.1520/D8340-21.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1?are measured on the same material,then the analyzer isvalidated using Practice D6122.1.6.2 If the analyzer is used to directly predict a property ofa blend stock to which a fixed level of b