ASTM_D_7688_-_11.pdf

Designation:D768811Standard Test Method forEvaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-FrequencyReciprocating Rig(HFRR)by Visual Observation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7688;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the lubricity ofdiesel fuels using a high-frequency reciprocating rig(HFRR).1.2 This test method is applicable to middle distillate fuels,such as Grades No.1-D S15,S500,and S5000,and Grades No.2-D S15,S500,and S5000 diesel fuels,in accordance withSpecification D975;and other similar petroleum-based fuelswhich can be used in diesel engines.This test method also isapplicable to biodiesel blends.B5 was included in the roundrobin program that determined the precision statement.NOTE1It is not known that this test method will predict theperformance of all additive/fuel combinations.Additional work is under-way to establish this correlation and future revisions of this test methodmay be necessary once this work is complete.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applicableregulatory limitations prior to use.Specific warning statementsare given in Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationD6078 Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuelsby the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evalua-tor(SLBOCLE)E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials(Withdrawn 2010)32.2 SAE Standard:4SAE-AMS 6440 Steel,Bars,Forgings,and Tubing,1.45 Cr(0.93-1.05C)(SAE 52100),for Bearing Applications2.3 ISO Standard:5ISO 3290 Roller Bearings,Balls Dimensions and toler-ances3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 boundary lubrication,na condition in which thefriction and wear between two surfaces in relative motion aredetermined by the properties of the surfaces and the propertiesof the contacting fluid,other than bulk viscosity.3.1.1.1 DiscussionMetal to metal contact occurs and thechemistry of the system is involved.Physically adsorbed orchemically reacted soft films(usually very thin)supportcontact loads.As a result,some wear is inevitable.3.1.2lubricity,na qualitative term describing the abilityof a fluid to affect friction between,and wear to,surfaces inrelative motion under load.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIn this test method,the lubricity of afluid is evaluated by the wear scar,in microns,produced on anoscillating ball from contact with a stationary disk immersed inthe fluid operating under defined and controlled conditions.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 HFRRhigh frequency reciprocating rig1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.E0 on Burner,Diesel,Non-Aviation Gas Turbine,and MarineFuels.Current edition approved March 1,2011.Published April 2011.DOI:10.1520/D768811.This test method was developed by ISO/TC22/SC7/WG6 and is a part of ISO12156.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from SAE International(SAE),400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001,http:/www.sae.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.2 WSDwear scar diameter4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A 2-mL test specimen of fuel is placed in the testreservoir of an HFRR.4.2 A vibrator arm holding a nonrotating steel ball andloaded with a 200-g mass is lowered until it contacts a test diskcompletely submerged in the fuel.When the fuel temperaturehas stabilized,the ball is caused to rub against the disk with a1-mm stroke at a frequency of 50 Hz for 75 min.4.3 The test fuel temperature is maintained at 60C and theambient relative humidity is maintained between 30%and85%.4.4 At the conclusion of