ASTM_D_6543_-_15.pdf

Designation:D654315Standard Guide tothe Evaluation of Measurements Made by Online CoalAnalyzers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6543;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides techniques to be used for theevaluation of the measurement performance of online coalanalyzers.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D121 Terminology of Coal and CokeD2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for AnalysisD2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sampleof CoalD6518 Practice for Bias Testing a Mechanical Coal Sam-pling System(Withdrawn 2008)3D7430 Practice for Mechanical Sampling of CoalE178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor additional definitions of terms used inthis standard,refer to Terminology D121.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 analyzer system,na coal quality measurement sys-tem which includes an online coal analyzer and which mayinclude one or more stages of a coal-sampling system.3.2.2 calibration,nmathematical modeling of analyzerand comparative coal sampling and analysis data.Factors fromthe model are used in the online analyzer control software.3.2.3 full-stream analyzer,nan analyzer system that inter-rogates the coal on a process belt.3.2.4 Latent Variable Model,na mathematical model thatcan estimate each systems precision,when the analyzer iscompared to two independent reference systems.3.2.5 online analyzer,nan analytical tool consisting of aninstrument and systems,which together provide measurements,or estimates,or both,of coal quality parameters.3.2.6 outlier,nan extreme value that statistical tests indi-cate to be far enough from other results in a population underconsideration to cause suspicion that the value is not a memberof the population.3.2.7 reference material,nmaterial of stable compositionthat may be used to generate static analyzer measurements.3.2.8 reference system,na measurement system used tomeasure the characteristics of a lot of coal that are alsomeasured by an online analyzer,and against which the onlineanalyzer measurements are compared.3.2.9 sample stream analyzer,nan analyzer system that isfed a save or reject stream from a sampling system.3.2.10 standardization,ncalibration of an instrument to areference material using static stability measurements.3.2.11 static stability,nan estimate of the measurementprecision of an instrument obtained on material that is notmoving.The estimate normally is expressed as the standarddeviation and average of the measurements for a given periodof time.3.2.12 synchronization error,nan error that occurs fromcomparing measurements made by an online analyzer and areference system that are not measuring exactly the same lotbecause of temporal and/or spatial offsets.4.Summary of Guide4.1 This guide describes how to measure performance of anonline analyzer using comparative measurements.The perfor-mance evaluation consists of a paired comparison of analysesfrom a reference method using ASTM sampling,samplepreparation,and analysis methods for several lots of coal withthe analyses from the online analyzer for the same lots of coal.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal andCoke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling.Current edition approved Jan.1,2015.Published January 2015.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6543-14b.DOI:10.1520/D6543-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 The data resulting from the comparative test may be evaluatedusing graphical and statistical techniques outlined below.4.2 Various techniques are recommended by online analyzermanufacturers for standardization or static testing.Thesetechniques are useful for establishing a benchmark beforeconducting a comparative test.These techniques may also beused as diagnostic tests in accordance with methods recom-mended by online analyzer manufacturers and graphical andstatistical techniques included in this guide.5.Significance and Use5.1 Online analyzers are used to provide