ASTM_D_7596_-_14.pdf

Designation:D759614Standard Test Method forAutomatic Particle Counting and Particle ShapeClassification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging IntegratedTester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7596;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of particleconcentration,particle size distribution,particle shape,andsoot content for new and in-service oils used for lubricationand hydraulic systems by a direct imaging integrated tester.1.1.1 The test method is applicable to petroleum and syn-thetic based fluids.Samples from 2 to 150 mm2/s at 40C maybe processed directly.Samples of greater viscosity may beprocessed after solvent dilution.1.1.2 Particles measured are in the range from 4 m to 70 m with the upper limit dependent upon passing through a100 m mesh inlet screen.1.1.3 Particle concentration measured may be as high as5 000 000 particles per mL without significant coincidenceerror.1.1.4 Particle shape is determined for particles greater thanapproximately 20 m in length.Particles are categorized intothe following categories:sliding,cutting,fatigue,nonmetallic,fibers,water droplets,and air bubbles.1.1.5 Soot is determined up to approximately 1.5%byweight.1.1.6 This test method uses objects of known linear dimen-sion for calibration.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Perchloric Acid TitrationD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum,PetroleumProducts,and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination ofUsed and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry(ICP-AES)D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils inT-8 Diesel EngineD6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-leum Products,Lubricating Oils,and Additives by Cou-lometric Karl Fischer TitrationD6595 Test Method for Determination of Wear Metals andContaminants in Used Lubricating Oils or Used HydraulicFluids by Rotating Disc ElectrodeAtomic Emission Spec-trometryD7279 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon ViscometerE2412 Practice for Condition Monitoring of In-Service Lu-bricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.96 on In-Service Lubricant Testing and Condition MonitoringServices.Current edition approved June 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 2010.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7596 10.DOI:10.1520/D7596-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Infrared(FT-IR)SpectrometryG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 12103-1 1997 Road VehiclesTest Dust for FilterEvaluationPart 1:Arizona Test DustISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFluidsMethod forCoding Level of Contamination by Solid Particles2.3 SAE Standards:4SAE AS 4059 Aerospace Fluid Power Cleanliness Clas-sification for Hydraulic Fluids3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 contaminant particles,nparticles introduced froman extraneous source into the lubricant of a machine or engine.3.1.2 direct imaging integrated tester,nan instrument forcounting particles as they flow through a cell by means ofimaging;instrument may also determine particle shape andfluid viscosity.3.1.3 ISO Codes,nstandard method for coding the level ofcontamination by solid particles.This code simplifies thereporting of particle count data by converting the number ofparticles per mL into three classes covering 4 m,6 m,and14 m.ISO 4406 classifications are used