ASTM_D_6636_-_01_2011.pdf

Designation:D663601(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Ply Adhesion Strength of ReinforcedGeomembranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6636;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the adhe-sion strength(180 peel)between plies of reinforced geomem-branes such as internally reinforced geomembranes and coatedfabrics.1.2 This test method is not intended for determining thestrength of geomembrane seams or for determining the plyadhesion strength of geocomposite components(such as non-woven geotextile bonded to geomembrane,or geotextilebonded to drainage core).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextilesby Permittivity3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geosynthetics,nair main-tained at a relative humidity between 50 to 70%and atemperature of 21 6 2C(70 6 4F).3.1.2 geocomposite,na multi-component product at leastone of which is a geosynthetic.3.1.3 geomembrane,nan essentially impermeable geosyn-thetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn geotechnical engineering,essen-tially impermeable means that no measurable liquid flowsthrough a geosynthetic when tested in accordance with TestMethods D4491.3.1.4 ply adhesion,nbond between layers of a laminatedmaterial.3.1.5 ply adhesion strength,nforce per unit width requiredto cause separation in peel between layers of a laminatedmaterial.3.1.6 reinforced geomembrane,na geomembrane inter-nally reinforced with a textile.3.1.7 selvage,nan edge or edging which differs from themain part of a geosynthetic.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The plies of the reinforced geomembrane are firstpartially peeled apart by hand for a distance of 25 to 50 mm(1to 2 in.)to allow clamping of the specimen in the grips of thetensile machine.The plies are then separated at an angle of180 at a constant rate of extension and the cross-headmovement and force are recorded.5.Significance and Use5.1 This method is an index test and measures the forcerequired to separate individual plies of a reinforced geomem-brane.The acceptable value of adhesion will vary for differenttypes of products.However for a particular type of product,minimum values of ply adhesion can be determined and agreedto by producer and consumer,and both can monitor to assurecompliance with the agreed-upon value.5.2 DisputesIn case of a dispute arising from differencesin reported test results when using this test method foracceptance testing of commercial shipments,the purchaser andthe supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine ifthere is a statistical difference between their laboratories.Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the inves-tigation of this difference.As a minimum,the two parties1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomem-branes.Current edition approved June 1,2011.Published July 2011.Originally approvedin 2001.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6636 01(2006).DOI:10.1520/D6636-01R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 should take a group of test specimens which are from the samelot of material as those type in question and which are ashomogeneous as possible.The test specimens should then berandomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory fortesting.The average results from the two laboratories should becompared using Students t-test for unpaired data and anacceptable probability level chosen by the two parties beforethe testing began.If a difference is found,either its cause mustbe found and corrected,or the purchaser and the supplier mustagree to interpret future test results in the light of the knowndifference.6.Apparatus6.1 Tensile Testing MachineA constant rate of extension(CRE)testing machine comp