ASTM_D_6557_-_13.pdf

Designation:D655713Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Rust Preventive Characteristics of AutomotiveEngine Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6557;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a Ball Rust Test(BRT)proce-dure for evaluating the anti-rust ability of fluid lubricants.Theprocedure is particularly suitable for the evaluation of automo-tive engine oils under low-temperature,acidic service condi-tions.1.2 Information Letters are published occasionally by theASTM Test Monitoring Center(TMC)2to update this testmethod.Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing thecenter.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct equivalent,suchas the units for screw threads,national pipe threads/diameters,and tubing size.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See 7.1.1 7.1.3and 8.2.1.1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum,PetroleumProducts,and LubricantsD5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive EngineOils for Inhibition of Rusting(Sequence IID)(Withdrawn2003)43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 calibrate,vto determine the indication or output of adevice(e.g.,thermometer,manometer,engine)with respect toa standard.3.1.2 corrosion,nthe chemical or electrochemical reac-tion between a material,usually a metal surface,and itsenvironment that can produce a deterioration of the materialand its properties.D41753.1.3 non-reference oil,nany oil other than a reference oil,such as a research formulation,commercial oil,or candidateoil.D41753.1.4 reference oil,nan oil of known performancecharacteristics,used as a basis for comparison.D41753.1.4.1 DiscussionReference oils are used to calibratetesting facilities,to compare the performance of other oils,orto evaluate other materials(such as seals)that interact withoils.3.1.5 rust(coatings),nof iron or its alloys,a corrosionproduct consisting of hydrated iron oxides,usually reddish incolor but can also be brown-to-black.3.1.6 test oil,nany oil subjected to evaluation in anestablished procedure.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 average gray value(AGV),nmeasurement ofbrightness units on test specimens,indicating the degree of rustprotection.3.2.2 specimen,na carbon steel ball,5.6 mm(AISI 1040).4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Multiple test tubes,each containing test oil and aspecimen,are placed in a test tube rack that is attached to amechanical shaker.The shaker speed and temperature arecontrolled.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published May 2013.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6557 10a.DOI:10.1520/D6557-13.2Until the next revision of this test method,the ASTM Test Monitoring Centerwill update changes in the test method by means of information letters.Informationletters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center,6555 PennAvenue,Pittsburgh,PA 15206-4489.This test method is supplemented by InformationLetters and Memoranda issued by the ASTM TMC.This edition incorporatesrevisions in all Information Letters through No.0701.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.2 Air and an acidic solution are continuously fed into eachtest tube over an 18 h period to create a corrosive environment.4.3 The specimens are then removed,rinsed,and analyzedby an optical imaging system designed to quantify the antirustcapability of each test oil.5.Significance and Use5.1 This bench test method was designed as a replacementfor Test Method D5844.Test Method D5844 was designed tomeasure the ability of an engine oil to protect valve traincomponentsagainstrustingorcorrosionunderlowtemperature,short-trip service,and was correlated with ve-hicles in that type of service prior to 1978.55.1.1