ASTM_D_6446_-_01.pdf

Designation:D 6446 01Designation:355/98An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEstimation of Net Heat of Combustion(Specific Energy)ofAviation Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6446;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the net heat ofcombustion(specific energy)at constant pressure in SI units,megajoules per kilogram,from the fuel density,sulfur,andhydrogen content.1.2 This test method is purely empirical,and it is applicableonly to liquid hydrocarbon fuels derived by normal refiningprocesses from conventional crude oil that conform to therequirements of specifications for aviation turbine fuels oflimited boiling ranges and compositions,as described in Note1 and permitted by each specification.NOTE1The estimation of the heat of combustion of a hydrocarbonfuel from its hydrogen content,density,and sulfur is justifiable only whenthe fuel belongs to a well-defined class for which a relationship betweenthese quantities has been derived from accurate experimental measure-ments on representative samples of that class.Even in this class,thepossibility that the estimates can be in error by large amounts forindividual fuels should be recognized.The classes of fuels used toestablish the correclation presented in this test method are represented bythe following specifications:FuelSpecificationJP-5,Avcat/FSIIMIL-DTL-5624DEF STAN 91-86NATO Code F-44JP-8,Avtur/FSIIMIL-DTL-83133DEF STAN 9187NATO Code F-34Jet A,Jet A-1,AvturSpecification D 1655DEF STAN 91-91NATO Code F-35CAN/CGSB-3.231.3 The heat of combustion can also be estimated by TestMethods D 1405,D 3338,and D 4529.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Gen-eral Bomb Method)2D 240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter2D 1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Specific Gravity)of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer2D 1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables2D 1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Lamp Method)2D 1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density(SpecificGravity),or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer Method2D 1405 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Com-bustion of Aviation Fuels2D 1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(High-Temperature Method)2D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels2D 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byX-Ray Spectrometry2D 3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in LightLiquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-lometry2D 3338 Test Method for Estimation of Heat of Combustionof Aviation Fuels3D 3701 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of AviationTurbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Reso-nance Spectrometry3D 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density Meter3D 4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byEnergy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluoroscence Spectroscopy3D 4529 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Com-bustion of Aviation Fuels3D 4808 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Light Distil-lates,Middle Distillates,Gas Oils,and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry3D 4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05.0B on Calorimetry of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels.Current edition approved Jan.10,2001.Published March 2001.Originallypublished as D 644699.Last previous edition D 644699.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.02.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter(PrecisionMethod)3D 5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination ofCarbon,Hydrogen,and Nitrogen in Petroleum Productsand Lubricants3D 5453 Test Method for the Determination of Total Sulfurin Light Hydrocarbons,Motor Fuel,and Oils by Ultravio-let Fluorescence42.2U.S.Military Standards:5MIL-DTL-5624 Aviation Turbine Fuel,Grades JP-4,JP-5,and JP-5/JP-8 STMIL-DTL-83133 Aviation Turbine Fuel,Kerosene Types,NATO F-34(JP-8),NATO F-35,and JP-8+1002.3Directorate of Standardization,Ministry of Defence:6DEF STAN 91-86 Aviation Turbine Fuel,High Flash Kero-sene Type with Fuel System Icing InhibitorDEF STAN 91-87,Aviation Turbine Fuel,Kerosene Typewith Fuel System Icing InhibitorDEF STAN 91-91,Aviation Turbine Fuel,Kerosene Type,Jet A-12.4NATO Code:6F-34 Aviation Turbine Fuel,Grade JP-8F-35 Aviation Turbine Fuel,Jet A TypeF-44 Aviation Turbine Fuel,JP-53.Summary of Test Method