ASTM_D_7348_-_21.pdf

Designation:D734821Standard Test Methods forLoss on Ignition(LOI)of Solid Combustion Residues1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7348;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the massloss from solid combustion residues upon heating in an air oroxygen atmosphere to a prescribed temperature.The mass losscan be due to the loss of moisture,carbon,sulfur,and so forth,from the decomposition or combustion of the residue.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D121 Terminology of Coal and CokeD3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coaland Coke from CoalD3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analysesfrom As-Determined to Different BasesD3682 Test Method for Major and Minor Elements inCombustion Residues from Coal Utilization ProcessesD3683 Test Method for Trace Elements in Coal and CokeAsh by Atomic Absorption(Withdrawn 2018)3D4326 Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in CoalAsh By X-Ray FluorescenceD6316 Test Method for Determination of Total,Combustibleand Carbonate Carbon in Solid Residues from Coal andCokeD6349 Test Method for Determination of Major and MinorElements in Coal,Coke,and Solid Residues from Com-bustion of Coal and Coke by Inductively CoupledPlasmaAtomic Emission SpectrometryD6357 Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements inCoal,Coke,and Combustion Residues from Coal Utiliza-tion Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma AtomicEmission Spectrometry,Inductively Coupled PlasmaMass Spectrometry,and Graphite Furnace Atomic Ab-sorption SpectroD7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal andCoke by Macro Thermogravimetric AnalysisD8146 Guide for Evaluating Test Method Capability andFitness for UseE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D121.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Loss on ignition(LOI)is determined by measuring theloss in mass of the test specimen when heated under controlledconditions of temperature,time,atmosphere,specimen mass,and equipment specifications.The LOI can be determined bymeasuring the mass loss in a single procedure or in a two-stepprocedure in which mass losses,equivalent to the moisture andash values of the test specimen,are determined.5.Significance and Use5.1 LOI refers to the mass loss of a combustion residuewhenever it is heated in an air or oxygen atmosphere to hightemperatures.In the cement industry,use of the term LOInormally refers to a mass loss in a sample heated to 950 C.Tocombustion engineers,the term LOI normally refers to masslosses in samples heated to temperatures normally less than1These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.29 on MajorElements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published November 2021.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7348 13.DOI:10.1520/D7348-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service as serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1950 C.These test methods establish a procedure for determ