ASTM_D_904_-_99_2013.pdf

Designation:D90499(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forExposure of Adhesive Specimens to Artificial Light1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D904;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operatingprocedures for ultraviolet(UV)light aging(with or withoutwater)of adhesive bonded joints having at least one glass ortransparent adherend,using fluorescent UV(see Method A)orxenon-arc light sources(see Method B).1.2 This practice is limited to the apparatus for obtaining,measuring,and controlling the aging conditions,and to theprocedures for exposure.Sample preparation,strength,testconditions,and evaluation of the results are described in otherASTM test methods or specifications.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminology of AdhesivesG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet(UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany of the terms in this practice aredefined in Terminology D907.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 irradiance,n(1)the rate at which light energy fallson a unit area of surface(W/m2),or(2)the radiant powerincident upon a unit area of surface.3.2.2 radiant exposure(or light dosage),n(1)the accu-mulated light energy which has fallen on a unit area over time(J/m2),or(2)the irradiance integrated with respect to time.3.2.3 spectral irradiance,nthe distribution of irradiancein accordance with wavelength.3.2.3.1 DiscussionSpectral irradiance is usually shown asa curve relating irradiance(ordinate)and light wavelength(abscissa).Because shorter wavelength UV is usually moredamaging than longer wavelength UV,lamps with differentspectral irradiance curves can cause drastically differentamounts of UV damage,even if they produce the same totalirradiance.3.2.4 spectral power distribution(SPD),nthe amount ofradiation present at each wavelength.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe SPD can be expressed by power inwatts,irradiance in watts/square metre,or energy in joules.Theshape of the SPD would be identical in all of these units.Fluorescent lamps are frequently described by relative SPDswhich show the amount of radiation at each wavelength as apercentage of the amount of radiation at the peak wavelength.3.2.5 UV-A,nultraviolet light in the wavelength bandbetween 315 and 400 nm.3.2.6 UV-B,nultraviolet light in the wavelength bandbetween 280 and 315 nm.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice is for determining the effects of UV light,or UV light and water,on adhesive bonded joints undercontrolled but artificial conditions.The results of this practicecan be used for comparing the relative durability of severaladhesives in a specific laboratory UV exposure.4.2 This practice is not for determining a forecast of the lifeof an adhesive bond in service.It is only for determining therelative durability of different adhesives compared to eachother.4.3 The results obtained may vary between the differentlight sources(xenon-arc or fluorescent UV),because of thedifferent spectral-irradiance of the lamps.Adhesives should not1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesivesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives for Plastics.Current edition approved July 1,2013.Published July 2013.Originally approvedin 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D904 99(2008).DOI:10.1520/D0904-99R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 be compared to each other based on their performance underdifferent types of light sources.4.4 The results obtained may vary when operation condi-tions are varied within the limits of a given method.The resultsmay also vary when exposures are performed on instrumentsmade by different manufacturers.Comparisons between mate-rials must only be made when they are tested at the