ASTM_D_7812_-_16.pdf

Designation:D781216Standard Test Method forTensile Testing of Aramid Paper1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7812;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the tensile testing of aramidpaper with thickness less than 1 mm.This test method includestesting procedures only and includes no specifications ortolerances.1.2 The procedures given in this test method are for use withcomputer-controlled constant-rate-of-elongation tensile testingequipment.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD202 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing UntreatedPaper Used for Electrical InsulationD374M Test Methods for Thickness of Solid ElectricalInsulation(Metric)D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord,Bead Wire,HoseReinforcing Wire,and FabricsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of other terms related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.3.2 For definitions of terms related to force and deformationin textiles,refer to Terminology D6477.3.3 Definitions:3.3.1 aramid paper,nplanar structures deposited from anaqueous suspension that has a thickness less than 1 mmcontaining at least 50 mass percent aramid.3.4 The following terms are relevant to this standard:breaking force,elongation,initial modulus,tensile strength,and Tensile Energy Absorption.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A conditioned sample of aramid paper is clamped in atensile testing machine and then stretched or loaded untilbroken.4.2 The output of a constant-rate-of-extension(CRE)tensiletesting machine can be connected with electronic recording andcomputing equipment,which may be programmed to calculateand print the test results of tensile properties of interest.4.3 Breaking force and elongation are determined directly.Modulus and Tensile Energy Absorption are calculated fromthe force-elongation curve.5.Significance and Use5.1 The levels of tensile properties obtained when testingaramid paper are dependent on the age and history of thespecimen and on the specific conditions used during the test.Among these conditions are rate of stretching,type of clamps,gauge length of specimen,temperature and humidity of theatmosphere,rate of airflow across the specimen,and tempera-ture and moisture content of the specimen.Testing conditionsaccordingly are specified precisely to obtain reproducible testresults on a specific sample.5.2 Tensile strength is used in engineering calculationswhen designing various types of products.5.3 Elongation of the paper is taken into consideration in thedesign and engineering of reinforced products because of itseffect on uniformity of the finished product and its dimensionalstability during service.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers andMetallic Reinforcements.Current edition approved Jan.1,2016.Published February 2016.DOI:10.1520/D781216.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.4 Stiffness is a measure of the resistance of the paper toextension as a force is applied.5.5 Tensile Energy Absorption is dependent on the relation-ship of force to elongation.It is a measure of the ability of atextile structure to absorb mechanical energy.Tensile EnergyAbsorption is work-to-break per area.5.6 It should be emphasized that,although the precedingparameters are related to the performance of the product,theactual configuration of the product is significant.Shape,size,and internal construction also can have appreciable effects onproduct performance.It is not possible,therefore,to evaluatethe performance of the end product in terms of the reinforcingmaterial alone.5.7 If there are differences of practical significance betweenreported test results for two