ASTM_D_8407_-_21.pdf

Designation:D840721Standard Guide forMeasurement Techniques for Formaldehyde in Air1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8407;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide describes analytical methods for determiningformaldehyde concentrations in air.1.2 The guide is primarily focused on formaldehyde mea-surement technologies applicable to indoor(including in ve-hicle and workplace)air and associated environments(that is,chambers or bags,or both,used for formaldehyde emissiontesting).The described technologies may be applicable to otherenvironments(ambient outdoor).1.3 This guide reviews a range of commercially availabletechnologies that can be used to measure indoor air formalde-hyde concentrations.These technologies typically can measureairborne formaldehyde concentrations with detection limits inthe range of 0.04 ppbv(0.05 g m-3)to 10 ppbv(12 g m-3).The described technologies are typically applied to research orregulatory applications and not consumer level uses.1.4 This guide describes the principles behind each methodand their advantages and limitations.1.5 This guide does not attempt to differentiate between theeffectiveness of the methods nor determine equivalence of themethods.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD5197 Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde andOther Carbonyl Compounds inAir(Active Sampler Meth-odology)D6007 Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concen-trations in Air from Wood Products Using a Small-ScaleChamberE1333 Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concen-trations in Air and Emission Rates from Wood ProductsUsing a Large Chamber2.2 Other Standards:ISO 16000-3:2011 Part 3:Determination of formaldehydeand other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and testchamber air Active sampling method340 CFR 136.6 Method modifications and analytical re-quirements43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions and terms used in thisguide,refer to Terminology D1356.4.Summary of the Guide4.1 This guide reviews technologies that can be used todetermine formaldehyde concentrations in indoor air.Historically,ASTM methods for determining indoor formalde-hyde concentrations have been based upon the chromotropicacid method(Test Methods E1333 and D6007)and derivati-zation using 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine(Test MethodD5197).However,alternative technologies have been devel-oped to determine formaldehyde concentrations since thesemethods obtained consensus approval.These technologies canbe time averaging methods or real-time methods.Some involve1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.Current edition approved Sept.1,2021.Published January 2022.DOI:10.1520/D8407-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),ISOCentral Secretariat,Chemin de Blandonnet 8,CP 401,1214 Vernier,Geneva,Switzerland,https:/www.iso.org.4Available from U.S.Government Publishing Office(GPO),732 N.Capitol St.,NW,Washington,DC 20401,http:/www.gpo.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1?the use of wet chemicals for reactions or extractions.Othermethods rely on formaldehyde molecular response to differingenergy inputs.The purpose of this guide is to examine therange of methods that can be used and describe the advantagesand