ASTM_D_7274_-_06a_2011.pdf

Designation:D727406a(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forMineral Stabilizer Content of Prefabricated BituminousGeomembranes(BGM)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7274;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determi-nation of mineral stabilizer content in prefabricated bituminousgeomembranes(BGM)by calcination.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD6455 Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Prefab-ricated Bituminous Geomembranes(PBGM)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 prefabricated bituminous geomembrane(BGM),namaterial fabricated in a plant and consisting principally ofnon-woven polyester textile,impregnated by a blend of oxi-dized or polymer-modified bitumen incorporating filler.3.1.2 mineral stabilizer,na fine,water-insoluble inorganicmaterial,used in admixture with solid or semisolid bituminousmaterials.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,refer to Terminology D4439.4.Significance and Use4.1 Bituminous geomembranes,whether made from oxi-dized or polymer-modified bitumen,may contain a significantamount of mineral stabilizer.The amount of mineral stabilizerused in a bituminous geomembrane has an effect on severalphysical properties,including but not limited to cold tempera-ture,flexibility,and asphalt penetration(see Guide D6455 fora list of BGM properites).5.Apparatus5.1 Porcelain Crucible,30 cm3capacity,or equivalent.5.2 Analytical Balance,capable of weighing to within 60.001 g.5.3 Bunsen Burner.5.4 Muffle Furnace,capable of maintaining a temperature of600 6 25C(1110 6 45F).6.Hazards6.1 Calcination of BGM involves the use of open flame andwill produce black smoke.This procedure should be carriedout under a fume hood,away from any flammable material.7.Sampling and Conditioning7.1 Sampling shall be conducted according to PracticeD4354.7.2 Remove any surface material from the sample at thelocation where the test specimen will be taken.This operationwill be easier when location is chosen on the side of the BGMwith film surfacing or on the film-covered lap.In that case,theBGM may be cooled to about 30C for 2 hours and the filmmay be peeled off.7.3 Using a hot spatula or knife,sample 5 6 1 g of bitumenfrom the BGM,taking care of not scraping down to thereinforcing geotextile.7.4 Condition samples for a minimum of 4 h at 23 6 3C(73.4 6 5.4F)and 50 6 5%relative humidity before testing.8.Procedure8.1 Preheat the muffle furnace at 600 6 25C(1110 645F).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomem-branes.Current edition approved June 1,2011.Published July 2011.Originally approvedin 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D727406a.DOI:10.1520/D7274-06AR11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 8.2 Weigh the porcelain crucible to the nearest 0.001 g(C1).8.3 Place the sample obtained in 7.3 in the crucible andweigh to the nearest 0.001 g(C2).8.4 Under the fume hood,place the crucible over theBunsen burner flame until combustion is completed.8.5 Using adequate holding device,place the crucible in themuffle furnace set at 600 6 25C(1110 6 45F)for 60 6 5minutes.Verify that the crucible is free of any black combus-tion residue.If any are present,place the crucible in the furnacefor an additional 30 6 5 minutes.8.6 Let the crucible and its contents cool in a dessicator for15 6 1 minutes.8.7 Weigh the crucible to the nearest 0.001 g(C3).9.Calculation9.1 Calculate the mineral stabilizer content of the bitumen(SC)using the following equation:SC5C32 C1C22 C13100(1)10.Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested,10.1.2 Test temperature,10.1.3 Any deviation of the specified test procedure,as wellas any possible incident.10.1.4 Specimen mineral stabilizer content(SC).11.Precision and Bias11