ASTM_D_6601_-_19.pdf

Designation:D660119Standard Test Method forRubber PropertiesMeasurement of Cure and After-CureDynamic Properties Using a Rotorless Shear Rheometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6601;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the use of a rotorless oscillatingshear rheometer for measuring after cure dynamic properties atpredetermined temperature(s)below the cure temperature.1.2 Specified cure conditions that approximate a“staticcure”also are covered to minimize effects on cured rubbercompound dynamic properties.This test method is not in-tended to replace Test Method D5289.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 WarningCompounds based on silicone or fluoroelas-tomers may have high levels of thermal contraction or pooradhesion to the dies when cooled after the cure portion of thistest method,causing slippage during strain sweeps.If thisoccurs,the results will not be reliable.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Conditions for Test-ingD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustriesD5289 Test Method for Rubber PropertyVulcanizationUsing Rotorless Cure MetersD5992 Guide for Dynamic Testing of Vulcanized Rubberand Rubber-Like Materials Using Vibratory Methods3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 complex shear modulus,G*,nthe ratio of peakamplitude shear stress to peak amplitude shear strain;mathematically,G*=(G2+G2)1/2.3.1.2 complex torque,S*,nthe peak amplitude torqueresponse measured by a reaction torque transducer for asinusoidally applied strain;mathematically,S*is computed byS*=(S2+S2)1/2.3.1.3 dynamic cure,nany cure condition which oscillatesor moves the die.3.1.4 elastic torque,S,nthe peak amplitude torquecomponent,which is in phase with a sinusoidally appliedstrain.3.1.5 loss angle,nthe phase angle by which thecomplex torque(S*)leads a sinusoidally applied strain.3.1.6 loss factor,tan,nthe ratio of loss modulus tostorage modulus,or the ratio of viscous torque to elastictorque;mathematically,tan =G/G=S/S.3.1.7 loss shear modulus,G,nthe component of appliedstress that is 90 out-of-phase with the shear strain,divided bythe strain.3.1.8 static cure,nthe cure conditions of 0.0 arc strainand 0.0 Hz in frequency,that is,no movement of the diesduring the cure test.3.1.9 storage shear modulus,G,nthe component ofapplied stress that is in phase with the shear strain,divided bythe strain.3.1.10 viscous torque,S,nthe peak amplitude torquecomponent,which is 90 out of phase with a sinusoidallyapplied strain.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A rubber test specimen is contained in a die cavity thatis closed and maintained at an elevated cure temperature.The1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand Rubber-like Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.10on Physical Testing.Current edition approved May 1,2019.Published May 2019.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6601 15.DOI:10.1520/D6601-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 cavity is formed by two dies,one of which is oscillated througha rotary amplitude.This action produces a sinusoidal torsionalstrain in the test specimen resulting in a sinusoidal torque,which measures the viscoelastic changes of the test specimenas it cures.The test specimen must be a unvulcanized rubbercompound containing curatives.A controlled limited strain isapplied during cure to prevent eff