ASTM_D_6477_-_13e1.pdf

Designation:D6477131Standard Terminology Relating toTire Cord,Bead Wire,Hose Reinforcing Wire,and Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6477;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETerms were added editorially in September 2016.1.Scope1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitionsdeveloped by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fab-rics.1.2 The terminology,mostly definitions,is unique to the tirecord fabric industry.Meanings of the same terms used outsidethe tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilationsor in dictionaries of general usage.1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary,this termi-nology is also a tool for managing the Subcommitteesterminology.This includes finding,eliminating,and preventingredundancies,that is,where two or more terms relating to thesame concept are defined in different words.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD885 Test Methods for Tire Cords,Tire Cord Fabrics,andIndustrial Filament Yarns Made from ManufacturedOrganic-Base FibersD1871 Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wireand RubberD2229 Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cordsand RubberD2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics,TireCord Fabrics,Tire Cord,and YarnsD2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire CordsD2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords,TireCord Fabrics,and Industrial Yarns Made From GlassFilamentsD4393 Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of ReinforcingCords or Fabrics to Rubber CompoundsD4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and OtherReinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-TestProcedureD4974 Test Method for Hot Air Thermal Shrinkage of Yarnand Cord Using a Thermal Shrinkage OvenD4975 Test Methods for Single-Filament Tire Bead WireMade from SteelD5591 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage Force of Yarnand Cord With a Thermal Shrinkage Force TesterD6320 Test Methods for Single Filament Hose ReinforcingWire Made from SteelD6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord,Bead Wire,HoseReinforcing Wire,and FabricsD6611 Test Method for Wet and Dry Yarn-on-Yarn AbrasionResistance3.Terminologyabrasion,nthe wearing away of any part of a material byrubbing against another surface.D6611adhesion,nin tire fabrics,the force required to separate atextile material from rubber or other elastomer by a definiteprescribed method.D1871,D2229,D4393,D4776adhesion,nthe property denoting the ability of a material toresist delamination or separation into two or more layers.D6477adhesive treated tire cord,na tire cord whose adhesion torubber or other elastomer has been improved by the appli-cation of a dip followed by rapid drying and(normally)additional heat treatment.D5591air wicking,n in tires,the passage of air longitudinally alongor through yarns in a fabric that has been encased and curedin rubber or other elastomer,that is,air permeability in theplane of the fabric.D2692apex angle,nthe angle formed between the incoming andoutgoing yarn at the top(and bottom)of the inter-wrappedyarn area in the static condition.DISCUSSIONIn yarn abrasion testing,the state of a yarn,which hasbeen soaked for a prescribed period of time in water before testing andthen immersed in water during the abrasion test.D66111This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers andMetallic Reinforcements.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1999.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D647711.DOI:10.1520/D6477-13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 applied tension,nIn yarn abrasion testing,the static tensionexerted on the weighted end of the yarn by the appliedweight.DISCUSSIONTension in the yarn varies along its length during eachcycle because of friction and dynamic effects.The tension at any pointin the interwrapped yarn region and at any time may differ substantiallyfrom the applied tension but is a function of that applied tension.D6611breaking force,nthe maximum force applied to a materialcarried to rupture.DISCUSSIONMaterials that are brittle usually rupture at the maxi-mum force.Materials that are ductile are usually capable of withstand-ing the maximum force without rupturing.For many years,it has beenthe usual practice in the tire industry and related industries to use theterm breaking strength to characterize yarn and cord of a speci