ASTM_D_8126_-_17.pdf

Designation:D812617Standard Test Method forEfficient Basicity Determination by PotentiometricHydrochloric Acid Titration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8126;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determina-tion of the efficient basicity(EBas)in new marine cylinderlubricants that lubricate the upper part,that is,piston-ring-cylinder area,of two-stroke marine engines.1.2 This test method has been developed for marine cylinderlubricants,having base number(BN)(measured by TestMethod D2896)from 20 mg KOH/g to 100 mg KOHg,and anEBas from 10 mg KOH/g to 36 mg KOH/g.1.3 In this test method,only the efficient basicity isdetermined,corresponding to the components or part of com-ponents that have a major role in neutralization of the acidicspecies formed in the combustion of the fuel in the marineengine.It differentiates between the fastest reacting species andthe last one to react like overbasing compounds in detergent(classically mineral calcium carbonate,CaCO3).The valuesobtained,however,are intended to be compared with the othervalues obtained by this test method only;base numbersobtained by this test method are not intended to be equal tovalues by other test methods.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Some specifichazards statements are given in Sections 6 and 7.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Perchloric Acid TitrationD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination byPotentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubricants3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 base number,nthe quantity of a specified acid,expressed in terms of the equivalent number of milligrams ofpotassium hydroxide per gram of sample,required to titrate asample in a specified solvent to a specified endpoint using aspecified detection system.3.1.2 effcient basicity,EBas,nthe quantity of hydrochlo-ric acid,expressed in terms of the equivalent number ofmilligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample,re-quired to neutralize the basic components,which are organicspecies,of the tested lubricant in a specified solvent to aspecified buffer endpoint using a specified detection system.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture of toluene,propan-2-ol(isopropyl alcohol),chloroform,and a smallamount of water and titrated potentiometrically with alcoholichydrochloric acid solution.The test results of this procedureare obtained by titration mode of fixed increment and fixedtime additions of the titrant.An endpoint is selected from atitration curve according to the criteria given in Section 12 andused to calculate the EBas.5.Significance and Use5.1 Lubricants can contain basic constituents that are pres-ent as additives.The relative amount of these materials can be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.Current edition approved July 1,2017.Published September 2017.DOI:10.1520/D8126-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 determined by titration with acids.The base number is ameasurement of the amount of basic substances in the oil underth