ASTM_D_6485_-_11.pdf

Designation:D648511Standard Guide forRisk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted fromBedding Sets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides guidance to individuals and orga-nizations for conducting risk characterization of exposure tovolatile organic chemicals(VOCs)emitted from bedding setsor an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-termexposures to a new bedding set brought into a residentialindoor environment.The risk characterization considerationspresented in this guide are applicable to both the generalpopulation and sensitive subgroups,such as convalescingadults.1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide islimited to acute health and irritation effects resulting fromshort-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air.Although certainprocedures described in this guide may be applicable toassessing long-term exposure,the guide does not addresscancer and other chronic health effects.1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets,as in the case ofother household furnishings,usually are highest when theproducts are new.A used bedding set may also emit VOCs,either from the original materials or as a result of its use.Theprocedures presented in this guide also are applicable to usedbedding sets.1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guideshould be carried out under the supervision of a qualifiedtoxicologist or risk assessment specialist,or both.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Vola-tile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding SetsD6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Ex-posure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bed-ding SetsE609 Terminology Relating to PesticidesE943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-ronmental FateE1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health andSafety2.2 Government Standards:3EPA 600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to Odor Thresholds forHazardousAir Pollution in the CleanAirActAmendmentsof 199016 CFR 1500 Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regula-tions29 CFR 1910 Safety and Health Standards for GeneralIndustry3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acute exposure guideline levels(AEGLs),nrepresentshort-term threshold or ceiling exposure values intended for theprotection of the general public,including susceptible orsensitive individuals,but not hypersusceptible or hypersensi-tive individuals(1).41This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.Current edition approved March 1,2011.Published March 2011.Originallyapproved in 1999.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6485-99(2004).DOI:10.1520/D6485-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S.Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N.Capitol St.,NW,Mail Stop:SDE,Washington,DC 20401,http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.1.1 DiscussionAEGLs are for once-in-a-lifetime ex-posure due to accidental releases.Three AEGLs,each repre-senting distinct biological endpoints(sensory irritation ornotable discomfort,irreversible or serious effect,and life-threatening effects or death)for four different exposure periodsranging from 30 min to 8 h,are derived.3.2.2 bedding set,nan ensemble that includes a mattressfor sleeping and a supporting box spring.3.2.3 ceiling,na maximum allowable air concentration,established by the Occupational Safety and Health Adminis-tration(OSHA),that must not be exceeded during any part ofthe workday.3.2.4 emission profile,na time-series of emission rates forone or more