ASTM_D_7740_-_11.pdf

Designation:D774011Standard Practice forOptimization,Calibration,and Validation of AtomicAbsorption Spectrometry for Metal Analysis of PetroleumProducts and Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7740;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers information on the calibration andoperational guidance for elemental measurements using atomicabsorption spectrometry(AAS).1.1.1 AAS Related StandardsTest Methods D1318,D3237,D3340,D3605,D3831,D4628,D5056,D5184,D5863,D6732;Practices D7260 and D7455;and Test MethodsD7622 and D7623.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil(FlamePhotometric Method)D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline byAtomicAbsorp-tion SpectroscopyD3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in LubricatingGreases by Flame PhotometerD3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuelsby Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission SpectroscopyD3831 Test Method for Manganese in Gasoline By AtomicAbsorption SpectroscopyD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsD4628 Test Method for Analysis of Barium,Calcium,Magnesium,and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils byAtomic Absorption SpectrometryD5056 Test Method for Trace Metals in Petroleum Coke byAtomic AbsorptionD5184 Test Methods for Determination of Aluminum andSilicon in Fuel Oils by Ashing,Fusion,InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry,andAtomic Absorption SpectrometryD5863 TestMethodsforDeterminationofNickel,Vanadium,Iron,and Sodium in Crude Oils and ResidualFuels by Flame Atomic Absorption SpectrometryD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6732 Test Method for Determination of Copper in JetFuels by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrom-etryD6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Productsand Lubricants Testing LaboratoriesD7260 Practice for Optimization,Calibration,and Valida-tion of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic EmissionSpectrometry(ICP-AES)for Elemental Analysis of Petro-leum Products and LubricantsD7455 Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum andLubricant Products for Elemental AnalysisD7622 Test Method for Total Mercury in Crude Oil UsingCombustion and Direct Cold Vapor Atomic AbsorptionMethod with Zeeman Background CorrectionD7623 Test Method for Total Mercury in Crude Oil UsingCombustion-Gold Amalgamation and Cold Vapor AtomicAbsorption Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 absorbance,nlogarithm to the base 10 of the ratio ofthe reciprocal of the transmittance.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 onElemental Analysis.Current edition approved July 1,2011.Published August 2011.DOI:10.1520/D774011.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.2 atomic absorption spectrometry,nanalytical tech-nique for measuring metal content of solutions,based on acombinationofflamesource,hollowcathodelamp,photomultiplier,and a readout device.3.1.3 atomizer,nusually a flame source used to decom-pose the chemical constituents in a solution to its elementalcomponents.3.1.4 blank,nsolution which is similar in composition andcontents to the sample solution but does not contain the analytebeing measured.3.1.5 burner,nflame device used to atomize the analyte byburning in a high temperature flame mixed of a fuel and anoxidant.3.1.6 calibration,nprocess by which the relationshipbetween signal intensity and elemental concentration is deter-mined for a specific element analysis.3.1.7 calibration curve,nplot of signal intensity versuselemental concentration using data obtained by making mea-surements with standards.3.1.8 calibration standard,nmaterial with a certifiedvalue for a relevant property,issued by or traceab