ASTM_D_7563_-_10.pdf

Designation:D756310Standard Test Method forEvaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water andSimulated Ed85 Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7563;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure tomeasure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil toemulsify a specific added volume of combined water andsimulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender andto retain this emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperaturesof both 20 C to 25 C and-5 C to 0 C.1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by theASTM Test Monitoring Center(TMC)to update this and othertest methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0.Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.21.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum,PetroleumProducts,and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API ServiceCategory Engine OilsD4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-IgnitionEngine FuelD5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition EnginesD5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsE1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-ders3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 denatured fuel ethanol,nfuel ethanol made unfit forbeverage use by the addition of denaturants.D48063.1.2fuel ethanol(Ed75-Ed85),nblend of ethanol andhydrocarbon of which the ethanol portion is nominally 75 to 85volume%denatured fuel ethanol.D57983.1.3 engine oil,nliquid that reduces friction or wear,orboth,between the moving parts within an engine;removesheat,particularly from the underside of pistons;and serves asa combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhancecertain properties.Inhibition of engine rusting,depositformation,valve train wear,oil oxidation,and foaming areexamples.D41753.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 simulated Ed85 fuel,nlaboratory blend made tosimulate Ed85 fuel by mixing 85%denatured fuel ethanol and15%unleaded gasoline by volume.3.2.2 test oil,nany engine oil subjected to evaluation inthis test method.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Distilled water,simulated Ed85 fuel,and the test oil areemulsified in a high-speed blender.Portions of the resultingemulsion are stored in two graduated cylinders(or suitablydimensioned alternative containers)at temperatures of 20 C to25 C and-5 C to 0 C for 24 h.Presence or absence of anaqueous layer at the bottom of either of the containers after thistime interval is observed and reported.5.Significance and Use5.1 During engine operation,engine oil can become con-taminated by water and fuel.In the case of Ed85 fuels,thiscontamination can result in a non-emulsified aqueous bottomlayer in the oil that can affect the lubrication and detergency of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests Methods.Current edition approved Jan.1,2010.Published March 2010.2Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center,6555 Penn Avenue,Pittsburgh,PA 15206-4489.www.standards.astmtmc.cmu.edu.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 the engine oil.To avoid field problems,engine oil should becapable of emulsifying water contamination to the extent thatno aqueous layer appears.5.2 The test described in this method is designed to evaluatethe ability of an engine oil,contaminated with a specifiedamount of water(volume fraction of 10%of the original oilsample)and simulated Ed85 fuel(also a volume fraction of10%of the original oil sample),to emulsify the water afteragitation in a blender and to maintain this emulsion attemperatures of 20 C to 25 C and-5 C to 0 C for at least24 h.5.3 This test me