ASTM_D_7963_-_14.pdf

Designation:D796314Standard Test Method forDetermination of Contamination Level of Fatty Acid MethylEsters in Middle Distillate and Residual Fuels Using FlowAnalysis by Fourier Transform Infrared SpectroscopyRapid Screening Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7963;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method specifies a rapid screening methodusing flow analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared(FA-FTIR)spectroscopy with partial least squares(PLS)processing for thequantitative determination of the fatty acid methyl ester(FAME)contamination of middle distillates,in the range of20 mgkg to 1000 mg kg,and of middle distillates and residualfuels,following dilution,for levels above 0.1%.NOTE1Annex A2 describes a dilution procedure to significantlyexpand the measurement range above 1000 mg/kg for distillates and toenable measurement of residual oilsNOTE2This test method detects all FAME components,with peak IRabsorbance at approximately 1749 cm-1and C8to C22molecules,asspecified in standards such as D6751 and EN 14214.The accuracy of thetest method is based on the molecular mass of C16to C18FAME species;the presence of other FAME species with different molecular masses couldaffect the accuracy.NOTE3Additives such as antistatic agents,antioxidants,and corro-sion inhibitors are measured with the FAME by the FTIR spectrometer.However any potential interference effects of these additives are elimi-nated by the flow analysis processing.NOTE4Precision for middle distillate and residual fuel is provided inpreliminary form at this time,details are given in Appendix X1.NOTE5The scope of this test method does not include aviationturbine fuel which is addressed by Test Method D7797.1.2 All stated values are in SI units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-ucts by Hydrometer MethodD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock(B100)for Middle Distillate FuelsD7797 Test Method for Determination of the Fatty AcidMethyl Esters Content of Aviation Turbine Fuel UsingFlow Analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectros-copy Rapid Screening MethodE1655 Practices for Infrared Multivariate QuantitativeAnalysis2.2 CEN Standard:3EN 14214 Automotive FuelsFatty Acid Methyl Esters(FAME)for Diesel EnginesRequirements and TestMethods2.3 Energy Institute Standards:4IP 583 Test Method for Determination of the Fatty AcidMethyl Esters Content of Aviation Turbine Fuel UsingFlowAnalysisbyFourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopyRapid Screening Method1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved Oct.1,2014.Published October 2014.DOI:10.1520/D7963-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the American National Standards Institute(ANSI)25W 43rdSt,4thFloor.New York,NY 10036.4Available from the Energy Institute,61 New Cavendish Street,London,W1G7AR,U.K.www.energyinst.org.uk.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 FAME,nfatty acid methyl esters,also known asbiodiesel.3.1.1.1 DiscussionUsed as a component in automotivediesel fuel and the potential source of contamination in fuelsdue to multi-fuel tankers and pipelines.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 FA-FTIR,nflow analysis by Fourier Transform In-frared technique uses a flow-through measurement cell to makea number of measurements on a stream of test specimen.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe test specimen is analyzed beforeand after passing through a sorbent that is designed to retardthe FAME contamination to be measured.The results arecompared to enable the amount of FAME present in the fuel tobe determined.3.2.2 sorbent cartridge,na cartridge through which thetest specimen flows,con