ASTM_D_7372_-_21.pdf

Designation:D737221An American National StandardStandard Guide forAnalysis and Interpretation of Proficiency Test ProgramResults1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7372;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide covers the evaluation and interpretation ofproficiency test program(PTP)results.For proficiency testprogram participants,this guide describes procedures forassessing participants results relative to the collective PTprogram results and potentially improving the laboratorystesting performance based on the assessment of findings andinsights.For the committees responsible for the test methodsincluded in PT programs,this guide describes procedures forassessing industrys ability to perform test methods and forpotentially identifying opportunities for improvements.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and LubricantsD6259 Practice for Determination of a Pooled Limit ofQuantitation for a Test MethodD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using SingleTest Result from Standard MaterialD6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-leum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants TestingLaboratoriesD7915 Practice for Application of Generalized ExtremeStudentized Deviate(GESD)Technique to Simultane-ously Identify Multiple Outliers in a Data SetE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic StatisticsE2655 Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results andUse of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM TestMethods2.2 ASTM standards used only in Appendix X3 are alsolisted in X3.1.3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 More extensive lists of terms related to quality,statistics,and related terms are found in Terminology D4175.3.1.1.1 In the event of disagreement between the quoted textand the latest in the referenced standard,the latter supersedesthe text in this standard.3.1.2 accuracy,ncloseness of agreement between an ob-served value and an accepted reference value.E177,E4563.1.2.1 DiscussionThe term accuracy,when applied to aset of test results,involves a combination of a randomcomponent and of a common systematic error or biascomponent.E1773.1.3 analytical measurement system,na collection of oneor more components or subsystems,such as sample handlingand preparation,test equipment,instrumentation,displaydevices,data handlers,printouts or output transmitters,that areused to determine a quantitative value of a specific property foran unknown sample in accordance with a standard test method.3.1.4 Anderson-Darling Resolution Sensitive Statistic,ADrs,na goodness-of-fit statistical tool used to objectivelytest for normality of proficiency testing data.3.1.4.1 DiscussionADrs is a modified version of theAnderson-Darling Statistic(see D6299)and was developed1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.94 on Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.Current edition approved May 1,2021.Published September 2021.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7372 17.DOI:10.1520/D7372-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizat