ASTM_D_7295_-_11.pdf

Designation:D729511Standard Practice forSampling and Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide(HCN)inCombustion Effluents and Other Stationary Sources1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7295;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice is used to determine the concentration ofgaseous hydrogen cyanide(HCN)from any combustion deviceor atmosphere where cyanide may be present.While primarilydesigned for the measurement of gas phase HCN,the samplecollection described in this practice also includes cyanide ion(CN-)absorbed particles that may be present in the samplingatmosphere.1.1.1 Samples can be collected from a closed chamber suchas the NBS smoke box described in Test Method E662provided it is equipped with sampling ports.1.1.2 Open chambers such as industrial work areas or largescale fires can be monitored for HCN with this practice.1.1.3 The HCN emissions of a flow through system can bedetermined by sampling from its discharge stack.Examples ofsuch systems include large scale manufacturing applicationsand the cone calorimeter described in Test Method E1354.1.2 This practice can be used to monitor HCN levels in labscale fire smoke effluents in order to estimate toxicity of gasesproduced from burning materials.See Guide E800.1.3 The concentration range of hydrogen cyanide will bedependent on the volume of gas sampled,the volume ofsodium hydroxide solution placed in the impinger duringsampling,and the analytical method used to measure cyanide.For example,the lower limit of detection would be 0.002-mg/m3when 0.1-m3of combustion effluent is collected into100-mL sodium hydroxide solution based on a detection limitof 0.002 mg/L cyanide in the impinger solution when using theflow injection analysis(FIA)system described in Test MethodD6888.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3154 Test Method for Average Velocity in a Duct(PitotTube Method)D3614 Guide for Laboratories Engaged in Sampling andAnalysis of Atmospheres and EmissionsD3685/D3685M Test Methods for Sampling and Determina-tion of Particulate Matter in Stack GasesD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for WaterSamples Containing Organic and Inorganic ConstituentsD5337 Practice for Flow Rate Adjustment of Personal Sam-pling PumpsD6696 Guide for Understanding Cyanide SpeciesD6888 Test Method for Available Cyanide with LigandDisplacement and Flow InjectionAnalysis(FIA)UtilizingGas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric DetectionD7365 Practice for Sampling,Preservation and MitigatingInterferences in Water Samples for Analysis of CyanideE337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-chrometer(the Measurement of Wet-and Dry-Bulb Tem-peratures)E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of SmokeGenerated by Solid MaterialsE800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or GeneratedDuring FiresE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-sumption Calorimeter3.Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology D1356 for terminology related tosampling and analysis of atmospheres.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheresand Source Emissions.Current edition approved March 1,2011.Published March 2011.Originallyapproved in 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7295 06.DOI:10.1520/D7295-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 For definitions of terms related to cyanide testing,referto Guide D6696 and Test Method D6888.3.3 For definitions of terms related to the measurement ofgases present or generated during fires,refer to Guide E800.3.4 For additional information related to sampling andanalysis of atmospheres,see Guide D3614.4.Summary of Practice4.1 A known volume of gaseous sample is bubbled throughan impinger containing 0.1M sodium hydroxide solutionutilizing a calibrated pumping system.Part