ASTM_D_7180_-_D_7180M_-_05_2021.pdf

Designation:D7180/D7180M05(Reapproved 2021)Standard Guide forUse of Expanded Polystyrene(EPS)Geofoam inGeotechnical Projects1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7180/D7180M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers some of the basic considerations forthe use of expanded polystyrene(EPS)geofoam in geotechni-cal projects.1.2 This guide offers a collection of information and doesnot recommend a course of action.This guide cannot replaceeducation or experience and should be used in conjunction withprofessional judgment.Not all aspects of this guide may beapplicable in all circumstances.1.3 This guide is not intended to represent or replace thestandard of care by which the adequacy of a given professionalservice must be judged,nor should this guide be appliedwithout consideration of a projects many unique aspects.1.4 The word“standard”in the title of this guide means onlythat this guide has been approved through the ASTM Interna-tional consensus process.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are not necessarily exact equivalents;therefore,toensure conformance with the standard,each system shall beused independently of the other,and values from the twosystems shall not be combined.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD6817/D6817M Specification for Rigid Cellular Polysty-rene Geofoam3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this guide are defined inTerminology D4439.3.1.1 geofoam,nblock or planar rigid cellular foam poly-meric material used in geotechnical engineering applications.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 expanded polystyrene,ntype of foamed plasticformed by the expansion of polystyrene resin beads in amolding process.3.3 Acronyms:3.3.1 EPS,nexpanded polystyrene.3.3.2 EPS geofoam,nrigid cellular polystyrene geofoammanufactured from EPS.4.Summary of Guide4.1 EPS geofoam is commonly used in geotechnical appli-cations when an extremely lightweight material is required.This guide covers some of the considerations that must beevaluated in the design of these projects.5.Significance and Use5.1 This guide informs the user of design considerations inthe use of EPS geofoam which assist in the determination ofthe appropriate EPS geofoam for geotechnical applications.5.2 This guide does not preclude the judgment and practiceof those competent in geotechnical design.6.Design Principles6.1 Design Considerations:6.1.1 Compressive Properties:1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosynthetic Specifi-cations.Current edition approved May 1,2021.Published May 2021.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7180/D7180M 05(2013)1.DOI:10.1520/D7180_D7180M-05R21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.16.1.1.1 The compressive resistance of EPS geofoam iscovered by Specification D6817/D6817M.The compressiveresistance for geofoam is specified in Specification D6817/D6817M and includes the compressive behavior of EPSgeofoam at 1,5,and 10%strain.6.1.1.2 A typical limit for many EPS geofoam projects is toconsider the compressive resistance at 1%strain.The com-pressive behavior at 1%strain is within the elastic region ofEPS geofoam and provides acceptable short-term deflections inaddition to limiting long-term creep deformation.6.1.1.3 Creep deformations mus