ASTM_D_7046_-_11.pdf

Designation:D704611Standard Guide forUse of the Metal Detection Method for SubsurfaceExploration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7046;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 Purpose and ApplicationThis guide summarizes theequipment,field procedures,and interpretation methods for theassessment of subsurface materials using the metal detectionmethod.Metal detectors respond to the presence of bothferrous and nonferrous metals by inducing eddy currents inconductive objects.Metal detectors are either frequency do-main(continuous frequency or wave)or time domain(pulsed)systems.A wide range of metal detectors is commonly avail-able.1.1.1 Metal detectors can detect any kind of metallicmaterial,including both ferrous metals such as iron and steel,and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper.Incontrast,magnetometers only detect ferrous metals.1.1.2 Metal detector measurements can be used to detect thepresence of buried metal trash,drums(Tyagi et al,1983)(1)2and tanks,abandoned wells(Guide D6285);to trace buriedutilities;and to delineate the boundaries of landfill metal andtrench metal.They are also used to detect metal basedunexploded ordnance(UXO).1.2 Limitations:1.2.1 This guide provides an overview of the metal detec-tion method.This guide does not provide or address the detailsof the theory,field procedures,or interpretation of the data.References are included for that purpose and are considered anessential part of this guide.It is recommended that the user ofthis guide be familiar with the references cited and with theASTM standards D420,D653,D5088,D5608,D5730,D5753,D6235,D6429,and D6431.1.2.2 This guide is limited to metal detection measurementsmade on land.The metal detection method can be adapted fora number of special uses on land,water,airborne and ice.1.2.3 The approaches suggested in this guide for the metaldetection method are commonly used,widely accepted,andproven.However,other approaches or modifications to themetal detection method that are technically sound may besubstituted.1.2.4 This guide offers an organized collection of informa-tion or a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.The values given in parentheses are inch-pound units,whichare provided for information only and are not consideredstandard.1.4 Precautions:1.4.1 It is the responsibility of the user of this guide tofollow any precautions in the equipment manufacturers rec-ommendations and to establish appropriate health and safetypractices.1.4.2 If the method is used at sites with hazardous materials,operations,or equipment,it is the responsibility of the user ofthis guide to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand to determine the applicability of any regulations prior touse.1.4.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:31This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.01 on Surface and SubsurfaceCharacterization.Current edition approved May 1,2011.Published June 2011.Originallyapproved in 2004 as D704604.DOI:10.1520/D7046-11.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Designand Construction Purposes(Withdrawn 2011)4D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection o