ASTM_D_722_-_93_2002.pdf

Designation:D 722 93(Reapproved 2002)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forGrease Resistance of Paper1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 722;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers paper and paper products thathave been treated or designed to resist penetration by oils orgreases commonly found in foodstuffs.Such papers include butare not limited to greaseproof,glassine,and vegetable parch-ment papers.1.2 This test method provides relative data regarding thedegree of grease resistance for the materials tested based ontime required for penetration of a test specimen by turpentineunder specified laboratory conditions.For paper or paperproducts that are not penetrated under these conditions by theupper arbitrary time limit of the test(1800 s),no relativeinformation is provided.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related Product2D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor Testing2D 1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products2D 5039 Methods for Identification of Wire Side of Paper2E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,with a Specified Tolerable Error,the Average for a Char-acteristic of a Lot or Process33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D 1986 or the Dictionary ofPaper.44.Summary of Test Method4.1 Atest specimen is placed directly in contact with a pieceof white book paper that is lying horizontally on a laboratorybench or similar support in an environment of specifiedtemperature and relative humidity.Five grams of sand of aspecified particle size are placed in a pile on top of the testspecimen.The sand is then saturated with a known quantity ofturpentine containing a dissolved red dye.The time requiredfor the turpentine to penetrate the test specimen and stain thebook paper red is measured to the nearest 10 s.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method gives a relative indication of the degreeto which paper and products made from paper resist penetra-tion by oils and grease commonly found in foodstuffs.Themeasured penetration times are greatly accelerated under theconditions of the test,in comparison to the time that might berequired for grease penetration in an actual end-use applicationof the tested material.5.2 While this test method may be used as a preliminary toolto select and predict paper or paper products for an intendedend use,it is not a substitute for actual use tests with thematerial or product of interest.5.3 This test method may also be useful in specificationswhere experience has shown that paper having a particulargrease resistance as measured by this test method is suitable foran intended end use.6.Apparatus6.1 Tube,of any rigid material,25 mm(1 in.)in insidediameter and at least 25 mm(1 in.)in height,the ends of whichhave been smoothed.6.2 Buret,or automatic pipet,calibrated to deliver 1.1 mLofliquid.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D06 on Paperand Paper Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D06.92 on TestMethods.Current edition approved Sept.15,1993.Published November 1993.Originallypublished as D 722 43T.Last previous edition D 722 45(1971).Discontinued1979 and reinstated 1993.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.09.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.02.4Formerly published by American Paper and Pulp Assoc.(currently API),NewYork,NY.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.6.3 Sand,Ottawa cement testing sand,screened to pass aNo.20 and be retained on a No.30 sieve.6.4 Paper,white coated and calendered sheets of bookpaper,104 g/m2(70 lb 25 3 38500)of convenient size.6.5 Timing Device,stopwatch or laboratory timer.6.6 Watch Glass,7.6 cm diameter.6.7 Scoop,5-g capacity;check a few weights on an analyti-cal balance to assure the weights are 5.0 6 0.1 g andconsistent.7.Reagents7.1 Turpentine,moisture-free and colored to 100 mLof puregum spirits turpentine,sp gr 0.860 to 0.875 at 16C(60F),add5 g of anhydrous calcium chloride and 1.0 g of an oil-solublered dye.Stopper the container,shake well,and let stand for atleast 10 h,shaking occasionally.Then filter thr