ASTM_D_7806_-_12.pdf

Designation:D780612Standard Test Method forDetermination of the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester(FAME)Content of a Blend of Biodiesel and Petroleum-Based DieselFuel Oil Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7806;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the contentof biodiesel(fatty acid methyl estersFAME)in diesel fueloils.It is applicable to concentrations from 1 to 30 volume%.This procedure is applicable only to FAME.This test methodis not appropriate for the determination of the concentration ofbiodiesel that is in the form of fatty acid ethyl esters(FAEE).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density(SpecificGravity),or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsD5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock(B100)for Middle Distillate FuelsE131 Terminology Relating to Molecular SpectroscopyE168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quanti-tative AnalysisE1655 Practices for Infrared Multivariate QuantitativeAnalysisE2056 Practice for Qualifying Spectrometers and Spectro-photometers for Use in Multivariate Analyses,CalibratedUsing Surrogate Mixtures3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodiesel,na fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters oflong chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animalfats,designated B100 in Specification D6751.3.1.2 biodiesel blend,BXX,na blend of biodiesel fuelwith petroleum-based diesel fuel.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIn the abbreviation BXX,the XX rep-resents the percentage by volume of biodiesel fuel in the blend.3.1.3 diesel fuel oil,na petroleum-based diesel fuel,asdescribed in Specification D975.3.1.4 FAME,na biodiesel composed of long chain fattyacid methyl esters derived from vegetable or animal fats.3.1.5 Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy,nuses the mid-infraredregion of the electromagnetic spectrum,as described in Termi-nology E131.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A sample of diesel fuel or biodiesel blend is introducedinto a liquid sample cell having a specified path length.Abeamof infrared light is imaged through the sample onto a detector,and the detector response is determined.Wavelengths of theabsorption spectrum that correlate highly with biodiesel orinterferences are selected for analysis.Mathematical analysis1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04.0F on Absorption Spectroscopic Methods.Current edition approved Sept.1,2012.Published November 2012.DOI:10.1520/D7806-122For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 converts the detector response for the selected areas or peaks ofthe spectrum of an unknown to a concentration of biodiesel.4.2 This test method can utilize two different types ofspectrometers.4.2.1 A Fourier Transform Mid-IR Spectrometer fitted witha transmission sample cell can be used.The absorbancespectrum is baseline corrected to eliminate linear and constantbackground from the spectrum.Linear regression calibration iscalculated without considering the influence of interferences.4.2.2 A filter-based Mid-IR spectrometer fitted with a trans-mission cell can be used.The absorbance values at specifiedwavenumbers are used to develop a multiple linear regressioncalibration.5.Significance and Use5.1 Biodiesel is a fuel commodity primarily used as avalue-added blending comp