ASTM_D_891_-_18.pdf

Designation:D89118Standard Test Methods forSpecific Gravity,Apparent,of Liquid Industrial Chemicals1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D891;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thespecific gravity,apparent,of liquid industrial chemicals.Twotest methods are covered as follows:1.1.1 Test Method A,specific gravity,apparent,by means ofa hydrometer.1.1.2 Test Method B,specific gravity,apparent,by means ofa pycnometer.NOTE1Test Method D4052 describes an instrumental procedure.1.2 In common usage the term specific gravity,apparent,isunderstood to mean specific gravity.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thesetest methods with the exception of Fahrenheit(F)in 5.1 as anexample of a possible industrial specification unit.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements,see Sections 8 and 16.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality AssuranceProcedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-terialsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE100 Specification for ASTM HydrometersE202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols andPropylene GlycolsE302 Test Methods for Monobasic Organic Acids(With-drawn 2001)3E346 Test Methods for Analysis of Methanol(Withdrawn2017)32.2 Other Document:4OSHA Regulations,29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and1910.12003.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 specific gravity,apparentthe ratio of the weight inair of a unit volume of a material at a stated temperature to theweight in air of equal density of an equal volume of gas-freedistilled water(see Note 2)at a stated temperature.It shall bestated as follows:Specific gravity,apparent,x/yoC(1)where x is the temperature of the material and y is thetemperature of the water.NOTE2Gas-free distilled water is distilled water that has been boiledto eliminate dissolved gases.4.Significance and Use4.1 Specific gravity,apparent,may be used as a qualitativetest in establishing the identity of a chemical.It may be used tocalculate the volume occupied by a product whose weight isknown,or to calculate the weight of a product from its volume.It may be used to determine the composition of binary mixtures1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 onAromatic,Industrial,Specialty and Related Chemicals and are the direct responsi-bility of Subcommittee D16.15 on Industrial and Specialty General Standards.Current edition approved Aug.1,2018.Published August 2018.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D891 09 which waswithdrawn January 2018 and reinstated in August 2018.DOI:10.1520/D0891-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from U.S.Government Printing Office,Superintendent ofDocuments,732 N.Capitol St.,NW,Washington,DC 20401-0001,http:/www.access.gpo.gov.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 of pure chemicals.In the case of most refined industrialchemicals specific gravity,apparent,is of minimal value indefining quality,although it may detect gross contamination.4.2 Of the two test methods descr