ASTM_D_8254_-_19.pdf

Designation:D825419Standard Test Method forFlash and Fire Points of Asphalt by Cleveland Open CupTester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8254;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis flash point and fire point test method is a dynamic method and depends on definite rates oftemperature increases to control the precision of the test method.Its primary use is for viscousmaterials having flash point of 79 C(174 F)and above.It is also used to determine fire point,whichis a temperature above the flash point,at which the test specimen will support combustion for aminimum of 5 s.Do not confuse this test method with Test Method D4206,which is a sustainedburning test,open cup type,at a specific temperature of 49 C(120 F).Flash point values are a function of the apparatus design,the condition of the apparatus used,andthe operational procedure carried out.Flash point can therefore only be defined in terms of a standardtest method,and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by differenttest methods,or with test apparatus different from that specified.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the determination of the flashpoint and fire point of asphalt by a manual Cleveland open cupapparatus or an automated Cleveland open cup apparatus.NOTE1Apparatus is the same as described in Test Method D92 withthe addition of the materials for the skin prevention technique.1.2 This test method is applicable to asphalts that can forma skin,and those that do not form a skin during heat treatment.1.3 This test method is applicable to products with flashpoints above 79 C(174 F)and below 400 C(752 F),except fuel oils.1.4 The precision has been determined over the temperaturerange of 300 C to 370 C(572 F to 698 F).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements,see 6.4,7.1,11.1,11.2.3,and11.3.4.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD140 Practice for Sampling Asphalt MaterialsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4206 Test Method for Sustained Burning of Liquid Mix-tures Using the Small Scale Open-Cup ApparatusE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.Current edition approved May 1,2019.Published June 2019.DOI:10.1520/D8254-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers2.3 ISO Standards:4ISO 17034 General requirements for the competence ofreference material producersISO Guide 35 Reference materialsGuidance for charac-terization and assessment of homogeneity and stability3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 dynamic,adjin petroleum productsin petroleumproduct flash point test methods,the condition where the vaporabove the test specimen and the test specimen are not intemperature equilibrium at the time that the ignition source isapplied.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis is primarily caused by the heatingof the test specimen at the constant prescribed rate with t