ASTM_D_8163_-_18.pdf

Designation:D816318Standard Test Method forDetermination of Strength of Colorants and Bases forArchitectural,Marine,Maintenance,Commercial,andIndustrial Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8163;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of strength ofcolorant dispersions,colored and white bases,for architectural,marine,maintenance,commercial,and industrial coatings.1.2 This test method applies to colorant dispersions andcolored and white bases regardless of the methods used todisperse these materials.1.3 The resultant test value is in terms of percent strength inwhich a material stronger than standard is implied by valueslarger than 100%and weaker than standard is implied byvalues less than 100%.The value of 100%implies exactstrength conformance to the test method.1.4 This test method is suitable for the determination ofstrength when tolerances are set about standards that areprepared either by weight concentration or volume concentra-tion.1.5 The test result is empirically determined.The userdetermines and supplies the standard for strength of the productunder test and the test result is relative to that suppliedstandard.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thicknessof Paint,Coatings and Related Products on Test PanelsD1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings,Inks,and Related ProductsD3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens forAppearance MeasurementsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE SystemE1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color EvaluationE1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color bySpectrophotometry Using Hemispherical GeometryE1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color bySpectrophotometry Using Bidirectional(45:0 or 0:45)Geometry3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:Terms and definitions in Terminology E284are applicable to this test method.3.1.1 reflection factor,nin strength of colorant or base,avalue representative of the fraction of incident radiant energythat is reflected from a surface under conditions specified.3.1.2 strength,nof a colorant or base,a value that isquantitatively related to the effective concentration of a testcolorant or test base relative to the effective concentration ofthe standard or reference for that colorant or base.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.26 on Optical Properties.Current edition approved June 1,2018.Published June 2018.Originallyapproved in 2017.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D8163 17.DOI:10.1520/D8163-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The user supplies a standard base and a standardcolorant.A standard sample is prepared from these ingredientsby a predetermined formula that will achieve a target reflec-tance.Atest sample is made using the same formula by mixingthe material being tested with the appropriate standard materialdepending upon whether the material under test is a colorant ora b