ASTM_D_7722_-_22.pdf

Designation:D772222Standard Terminology Relating toAssembly of Textile Structures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7722;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology identifies industrial terms related tostitches and seams that are used for the assembly of textilestructures.1.2 Section 3,Terminology,is categorized into twosubsections,specific to the two areas of specialization underthis document.1.2.1 Section 3.1 Relating to Seams.1.2.2 Section 3.2 Relating to Stitches.1.3 For other terms relating to textiles refer to TerminologyD123.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1683/D1683M Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams ofWoven FabricsD1908 Test Method for Needle-Related Damage Due toSewing in Woven Fabrics3D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Grab Test)D6193 Practice for Stitches and Seams3.Terminology3.1 Definitions Relating to Seams:critical sewn seamas related to assembly of sewn textilestructures,those junctions of textile fabric sections wherefailure of the seam assembly results in the textile structurebeing unable to meet the performance requirements for theintended use.(See seam failure;sewn seam strength).DISCUSSIONTextile fabrics,which are manufactured at fixed widthsand rolled on holders having various lengths,need to be cut into variousshapes for assembly and manufacture of end use textile items.Thetypes of end use items can vary from a small bag with drawstring to alarge geotextile stabilization project.As such,the fabrics used for theend use projects can have a mass from 2 oz/yd2(67 g/m2)up 80 oz/yd2(2665 g/m2);and a tensile strength from 3 lbf(13N)up to 1200 lbf(5350 N).It is anticipated that based on the fabric structure and end useassembly,critical seams be able to achieve seam efficiency that is from60%to 80%of the fabric tensile strength.While a fabric having tensilestrength of 13N is anticipated to demonstrate seam efficiency ofapproximately 10 N,80%of the fabric tensile strength;it is anticipatedthat a fabric having a tensile strength of 5350 N will have a seamefficiency of approximately 3200 N,60%of fabric tensile strength.double-stitched seam-finish,na finish for the raw edges ofa plain seam,in which another row of machine stitching ismade through both seam allowances placed together.D1683/D1683M,D6193grin,vin sewn seams,to stress a seam so that the individualstitches can be seen.needle damage,nin sewn fabrics,the partial or completeyarn severance or fiber fusing caused by a needle passingthrough a fabric during sewing.DISCUSSIONThis can also be referred to as needle cuts.D1908-89seam,na line where two or more fabrics are joined,usuallynear the edge.(See also sewn seam,glued seam,stapledseam,thermally bonded seam.)D6193seam allowance,nin sewn fabrics,the distance from theedge of a fabric to the parallel stitch line furthest from thatedge.D1683/D1683M,D6193seam assembly,nthe composite structure obtained whenfabric(s)are joined by means of a seam.D1683/D1683M,D6193DISCUSSIONA seam assembly may be described in terms of fabricorientation,seam direction,seam type,stitch type,seam allowance,sewing thread tex number(s)and type(s)stitch density,stitch gage,androws of stitching.D1683/D1683M1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.Current edition approved April 1,2022.Published May 2022.Originallyapproved in 2011.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7722-17.DOI:10.1520/D7722-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1seam damage,n in sewn fabrics,an adverse change in thephysical condition of one or more of