ASTM_D_7151_-_15.pdf

Designation:D715115Standard Test Method forDetermination of Elements in Insulating Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7151;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the determination of metalsand contaminants in insulating oils by inductively coupledplasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The specificelements are listed in Table 1.This test method is similar toTest Method D5185,but differs in methodology,which resultsin the greater sensitivity required for insulating oil applica-tions.1.2 This test method uses oil-soluble metals for calibrationand does not purport to quantitatively determine insolubleparticulates.Analytical results are particle size dependent,andlow results are obtained for particles larger than severalmicrometers.21.3 This test method determines the dissolved metals(whichcan originate from overheating or arcing,or both)and a portionof the particulate metals(which generally originate from awear mechanism).While this ICP method detects nearly allparticles less than several micrometers,the response of largerparticles decreases with increasing particle size because largerparticles are less likely to make it through the nebulizer andinto the sample excitation zone.1.4 This test method includes an option for filtering the oilsample for those users who wish to separately determinedissolved metals and particulate metals(and hence,totalmetals).1.5 Elements present at concentrations above the upper limitof the calibration curves can be determined with additional,appropriate dilutions and with no degradation of precision.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and to determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C1109 Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates fromNuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating LiquidsD1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Productsby Karl Fischer Reagent4D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-uids and GasesD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination ofUsed and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry(ICP-AES)E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions for general terms are found in TerminologyD2864.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Babington-type nebulizer,na device that generatesan aerosol by flowing a liquid over a surface that contains anorifice from which gas flows at a high velocity.3.2.2 inductively-coupledplasma(ICP),nahigh-temperature discharge generated by flowing an ionizable gasthrough a magnetic field induced by a load coil that surroundsthe tubes carrying the gas.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mitteeD27.03 on Analytical Tests.Current edition approved May 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7151-13.DOI:10.1520/D7151-15.2Eisentraut,K.J.,Newman,R.W.,Saba,C.S.,Kauffman,R.E.,and Rhine,W.E.,Analytical Chemistry,Vol 56,1984.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn.The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.3 linear response range,nthe elemental concentrationrange over which the calibration curve is a straight line,withinthe precision of the test method.3.2.4 profiling,na technique that determines the wave-length for which the signal intensity measured for a particularanalyte is a maximum.3.2.5 wear metal,nan element introduced into the oil bywear of oil-wetted parts.3.2.6 dissolved metal,na metallic element in the oil whichwill pass a 0.45 m filter.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A weighed po