ASTM_D_7195_-_21.pdf

Designation:D719521Standard Guide forSetting Object Color Specifications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7195;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for estab-lishing color specifications,including the target color andallowable tolerances.It refers to the appropriate ASTM stan-dards that more thoroughly describe each step of the processbeginning with expectations,encompassing caveats within theprocess and finally concluding with reporting.1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for toler-ances.These values must be agreed upon by the partiesinvolved.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D523 Test Method for Specular GlossD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss TolerancesD3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens forAppearance MeasurementsD4086 Practice for Visual Evaluation of MetamerismD4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differ-ences Between Surfaces of Similar AppearanceD5531 Guide for Preparation,Maintenance,and Distributionof Physical Product Standards for Color and GeometricAppearance of CoatingsE179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions forMeasurement of Reflection and Transmission Propertiesof MaterialsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE SystemE805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods ofColor or Color-Difference Measurement of MaterialsE1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color EvaluationE1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability ofColor Measurement by Use of Multiple MeasurementsE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus ColorimetryE1499 Guide for Selection,Evaluation,and Training ofObserversE1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color andAppearance DataE1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experi-mentsE2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Perfor-mance of Color-Measuring InstrumentsE2867 Practice for Estimating Uncertainty of Test ResultsDerived from Spectrophotometry2.2 CIE Publications:3CIE Publication 015 Colorimetry3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms related to thisguide see Terminology E284.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color andAppearance Analysis.Current edition approved June 1,2021.Published June 2021.Originallyapproved in 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7195 16a.DOI:10.1520/D7195-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from CIE(International Commission on Illumination),http:/www.cie.co.at or http:/.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.Summary of Guide4.1 This guide describes the process for establishing colorspecifications for a material,including the decision as towhether this specification will be based on visual or instrumen-tal methods.4.2 General considerations of appearance,evaluation ofobservers,and measurement techniques are included.4.3 It begins the process of setting a tolerance by firstselecting a standard or target color for the material,includingthe production,measurement,and storage of that target.4.4 It next identif