ASTM_D_7076_-_10_2015e1.pdf

Designation:D707610(Reapproved 2015)1Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Shives in Retted Flax1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7076;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEThe terminology section was added editorially in April 2015.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shives inretted flax.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD6798 Terminology Relating to Flax and Linen3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The sample to be evaluated is to be ground and theresulting mixture placed in the appropriate NIR cell and thespectra taken.3.2 The data will then be compared to a reference file andthe value of shive reported as weight percent.4.Terminology4.1 For all terminology related to Flax,see TerminologyD6798.4.2 For definitions of all other textile terminology,seeTerminology D123.5.Significance and Use5.1 Few standards exist to objectively determine flax qual-ity.Shive is the woody core of the stem and has an importanteffect on quality determination.Shive content will vary de-pending on the stage of processing and can determine in whatproducts the fiber can be used.Spectroscopic data provide anaccurate,precise and rapid determination of the amount ofshive in flax fiber.5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two or more laboratories,comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories todetermine if there is a statistical bias between them,usingcompetent statistical assistance.As a minimum,test samplesthat are as homogeneous as possible are drawn from thematerial from which the disputed test results were obtained,and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each labora-tory.These results from the two laboratories should be com-pared using a statistical test for unpaired data,a possibilitylevel chosen prior to the testing series.If a bias is found,eitherits cause must be found and corrected,or future test results forthat fiber sample type must be adjusted in consideration of theknown bias.5.2 This test method gives data on shive content of rettedflax fiber which can be used as a basis for:(1)estimating thenet amount of manufacturing fiber obtainable from retted flaxfiber;(2)along with other measurements,predicting the qualityof flax products,particularly their aesthetic properties;(3)adjusting processing machinery for maximum efficiency incleaning;and(4)relating shive content to end-product qualityand processing efficiency.6.Apparatus6.1 GrinderSPEX 8000 mixer mill or equivalent instru-ment for the initial grinding.6.2 NIRSystems Model 6500 Monochrometer or equivalentinstrumentReference spectra scanned over the range 400 to2498 nm at 2 nm intervals and stored as log(1/R),where R isreflectance.Standard 50 mm diameter black minicup with aquartz window is used and equipped with a 15 mm i.d.spacerring if sample size is limited.7.Hazards7.1 When handling or grinding any flax material a breathingmask should be worn.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.17 on Flax and Linen.Current edition approved Feb.1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D707610.DOI:10.1520/D7076-10R15E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 8.Sampling,Test Specimens,and Test Units8.1 For acceptable testing,take a lot sample from shippingcontainer as directed in an applicable specification,or asagreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.8.2 Take measurements at a minimum of five sites within asample,and three measurements at each site.Means of thethree replicates constitute the site reading.For each specimen,report means of the five sites.8.3 Sample Handling and Preparation:8.3.1 Each specimen to be analyzed should be at least 2 g inweight.Care should be taken not to loose any free shive.8.3.2 Each 2-g aliquot is to be ground for 3 min in a SPEX8000 mixer mill.If the grinder cannot hold all 2 g,the aliquotsare to be thor