ASTM_D_7210_-_13.pdf

Designation:D721013Standard Practice forExtraction of Additives in Polyolefin Plastics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7210;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers a variety of extraction techniquesfor antioxidant and slip additives used in polyolefins.Typically,the extracted additives are separated and quantified using achromatographic technique such as the procedure explained inTest Method D6953.Chromatographic analysis of the extractsis not included in this practice.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD6953 Test Method for Determination of Antioxidants andErucamide Slip Additives in Polyethylene Using LiquidChromatography(LC)E131 Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of plastic terms used in this practice,see Terminologies D883 and D1600.3.2 For units,symbols,and abbreviations used in thispractice refer to Terminology E131.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 LDPELow-Density Polyethylene3.3.2 LLDPELinear Low-Density Polyethylene3.3.3 HDPEHigh-Density Polyethylene3.3.4 PPPolypropylene3.4 Definitions:Additives:3.4.1 BHEB2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethyl-phenol or butylated hy-droxyethyl benzene,CAS No.4130-42-13.4.2 BHT2,6-di-t-butyl-cresolorbutylatedhydroxytoluene,CAS No.128-37-03.4.3 2-benzotriazol-2-yl-4-methylphenol,CAS No.2440-22-43.4.4 bis(3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)decanedioate,CAS No.91450-21-43.4.5 Cis-13-docosenamide or erucamide slip,CAS No.112-84-53.4.6 N,N-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine,CAS No.74-31-73.4.7 2,2-ethylidene bis(4,6-di-t-butyl phenol),CAS No.112-84-53.4.8 Tetrakismethylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy hydro-cinnamate)methane,CAS No.98584-37-33.4.9 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene,CAS No.99346-90-43.4.10 Octadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy hydrocinnamate,CAS No.2082-79-33.4.11 Sodium Alkyl Sulfonate,CAS No.68411-30-33.4.12 Tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite,CAS No.31570-04-43.4.13 Tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphate(oxidizedTris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite)3.4.14 TNPPTris(nonylphenyl)phosphite,CAS No.26523-78-43.4.15 Hydrolyzed TNPPNonylphenol,CAS No.104-40-53.4.16 Oxidized TNPPTris(nonylphenol)phosphate CASNo.26569-53-94.Summary of Practice4.1 The polymer sample is ground to approximately a0.5-mm(40-mesh)or 1-mm(20-mesh)particle size andextracted by one of the techniques listed in this practice.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods andSection D20.70.01 on Physical Methods.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published April 2013.Originallyapproved in 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7210 06.DOI:10.1520/D7210-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 Separation and identification of additives used in themanufacture of polyolefin plastics is necessary in order tocorrelate performance properties with polymer composition.This practice provides guidelines for extracting phenolicantioxidants,phosphite antioxidants,UV stabilizers,antistaticagents,and slip additives,from milled polyolefin plastics.5.2 Water bath shakers and steam-reflux Soxhlet extractiontechniques have also been used to successfully remove addi-tives from polyolefin plastics.6.Interferences6.1 A major source of interferences can be from solventimpurities.For this reason,quality,high-grade solvents shall beused with this practice.It is recommended that solvents beexamined prior to use.6.1.1 Solvent evaporation after an extraction technique canincrease the concentration of impurities.6.2 The milling or grinding process has the potential tocause a low bias.For example,some erucamide slip is knownto be lost during milling.Excessive grinding will causedegradation of some antioxidant additives.6.3 Excessive fillers(for example,pigments,talc,etc.)inthe polymer formulation can mask the sensitivity of polymeradditi