ASTM_D_7158_-_D_7158M_-_11.pdf

Designation:D7158/D7158M11Standard Test Method forWind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles(Uplift Force/UpliftResistance Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7158/D7158M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure for calculatingthe wind resistance of asphalt shingles when applied inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions,and sealedunder defined conditions.Shingle designs that depend oninterlocking or product rigidity to resist the wind cannot beevaluated using this test method.The method calculates theuplift force exerted on the shingle by the action of wind at aspecified velocity,and compares that to the mechanical upliftresistance of the shingle.A shingle is determined to be windresistant at a specified basic wind speed when the measureduplift resistance exceeds the calculated uplift force for thatvelocity(3-second gust,ASCE 7).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D225 Specification for Asphalt Shingles(Organic Felt)Sur-faced With Mineral Granules(Withdrawn 2012)3D228 Test Methods for Sampling,Testing,and Analysis ofAsphalt Roll Roofing,Cap Sheets,and Shingles Used inRoofing and WaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD3161 Test Method for Wind-Resistance of AsphaltShingles(Fan-Induced Method)D3462 Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from GlassFelt and Surfaced with Mineral GranulesD6381 Test Method for Measurement of Asphalt ShingleMechanical Uplift Resistance2.2 ASCE Standard:ASCE 702 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings andOther Structures42.3 ANSI/UL Standard:ANSI/UL 239004 Test Method for Wind Resistant AsphaltShingles with Sealed Tabs53.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 sealantas it relates to steep roofing shingles,isdefined as factory-applied or field-applied typically asphalticmaterial designed to seal the shingles to each other under theaction of time and temperature after the shingles are applied toa roof.3.2.2 sealas it relates to steep roofing shingles,is thebonding that results from the activation of the sealant under theaction of time and temperature.3.2.3 sealedthe condition of the shingles after they aresubjected to the conditioning procedure described in 10.3.4.Types and Classes of Shingles4.1 Shingles are classified based on their resistance to windvelocities determined from measured data(Section 11),calcu-lations of uplift force(Section 12),and interpretation of results(Section 13),as follows:1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on SteepRoofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved Jan.1,2011.Published January 2011.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7158 08d.DOI:10.1520/D7158_D7158M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE),1801 AlexanderBell Dr.,Reston,VA 20191,http:/www.asce.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.1.1 Class DPassed at basic wind speeds up to andincluding 145 km/h 90 mph.4.1.2 Class GPassed at basic wind speeds up to andincluding 193 km/h 120 mph.4.1.3 Class HPassed at basic wind speeds up to andincluding 242 km/h 150 mph.5.Summary of Test Method5.1 The uplift force induced by wind passing over thesurface of asphalt shingles is determined by calculation involv-ing the uplift coefficients obtained from pressures measuredabove and below the shingle at the windward and leeward sidesof the sealant,taking into account the desired bas