ASTM_D_70_-_09e1.pdf

Designation:D70091Standard Test Method forDensity of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials(PycnometerMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D70;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1NOTEValues in Table 1 were editorially corrected in July 2009.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relativedensity and density of semi-solid bituminous materials,asphaltcements,and soft tar pitches by use of a pycnometer.NOTE1An alternate method for determining the density of semi-solidand solid bituminous materials is Test Method D3289.For materials whichare too fluid for use of this test method,use Test Method D3142.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to the regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsD140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD3142 Test Method for Specific Gravity,API Gravity,orDensity of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer MethodD3289 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid and SolidBituminous Materials(Nickel Crucible Method)D4311 Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correctionto a Base TemperatureE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers2.2 Other:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 densitythe mass per unit volume of a material.3.1.2 relative densitythe ratio of the mass of a givenvolume of a material to the mass of the same volume of waterat the same temperature(see Note 2).NOTE2Relative density is also described as specific gravity.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is placed in a calibrated pycnometer.Thepycnometer and sample are weighed,then the remainingvolume is filled with water.The filled pycnometer is brought tothe test temperature,and weighed.The density of the sample iscalculated from its mass and the mass of water displaced by thesample in the filled pycnometer.5.Significance and Use5.1 Values of density are used for converting volumes tounits of mass,and for correcting measured volumes from thetemperature of measurement to a standard temperature usingPractice D4311.6.Apparatus6.1 Pycnometer,glass,consisting of a cylindrical or conicalvessel carefully ground to receive an accurately fitting glassstopper 22 to 26 mm in diameter.The stopper shall be providedwith a hole 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter,centrally located inreference to the vertical axis.The top surface of the stoppershall be substantially plane and have no chips,and the lowersurface shall be concave to allow all air to escape through thebore.The height of the concave section shall be 4.0 to 18.0 mmat the center.The stoppered pycnometer shall have a capacityof 24 to 30 mL and shall weigh not more than 40 g.Suitablepycnometers are illustrated in Fig.1.6.2 Water Bath,constant-temperature,capable of maintain-ing the temperature within 0.1C(0.2F)of the test tempera-ture.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 onMiscellaneous Asphalt Tests.Current edition approved July 1,2009.Published June 2009.Originally approvedin 1920.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D70 08.DOI:10.1520/D0070-09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.3 Thermometric device,calibrated liquid in glass,totalimmersion type,of suitable range with graduations at leastevery 0.1C(0.2F)and a maximum scale error of 0.1C(0.2F)as prescribed in Specification E1.Thermometer com-monly used is ASTM 63C(63F).Any other thermometricdevice of equal accuracy may be used.6.4 Balance,capable of making the required measurementsto an accuracy of at least 0.001g.6.5 Beaker,600 mL or larger Griffin low-form beaker.7.Materials7.1 WaterFreshly boiled and cooled distilled or deionizedwater.8.Hazards8.1 Warning:Mercury has been designated by the UnitedStates Environmental ProtectionAgency(EPA)and many stateagencies as a haz