ASTM_D_710_-_13.pdf

Designation:D71013Standard Specification forVulcanized Fibre Sheets,Rods,and Tubes Used forElectrical Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D710;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers vulcanized fibre(Note 1)sheets,round rods,and round tubes of such grades suitable foruse as electrical insulation.NOTE1The variant spelling“fibre”has been approved by CommitteeD09 for use in this standard.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D495 Test Method for High-Voltage,Low-Current,Dry ArcResistance of Solid Electrical InsulationD619 Test Methods for Vulcanized Fibre Used for ElectricalInsulationD696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD952 Test Method for Bond or Cohesive Strength of SheetPlastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of SolidElectrical Insulating Materials2.2 Other Documents:3IEEE Publication No.1,“General Principles for Tempera-ture Limits in the Rating of Electrical Equipment.”3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 vulcanized fibre,na material made from chemicallygelatinized cellulosic paper or board using zinc chloride as thegelatinizing agent.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe zinc chloride is subsequently re-moved by leaching.The resulting product,after being driedand finished by calendering,is a material of partially regener-ated cellulose in which the fibrous structure is retained invarying degrees depending on the grade of paper used and onthe processing conditions.Material up to about 25 mm inthickness is produced by bonding multiple layers of paper(orboard)after chemical treatment.Vulcanized fibre does notcontain vulcanized rubber or sulfur as the name might imply.Thin vulcanized fibre has sometimes been termed“fish paper.”4.Grades4.1 Three grades of vulcanized fibre are covered,as follows:4.1.1 Bone GradeThis grade is characterized by thegreater hardness and stiffness associated with higher density.Itmachines more smoothly and with less tendency to separate theplies in difficult machining operations than the other grades.Itis made in thickness of132to14in.(0.79 to 6.35 mm).4.1.2 Commercial GradeThis grade is considered as thegeneral-purpose grade and is sometimes referred to as me-chanical and electrical grade.It possesses good physical andelectrical properties and can be fabricated satisfactorily bypunching,turning,and forming operations.It is made inthicknesses from 0.010 to14in.(0.25 to 6.35 mm).4.1.3 Electrical Insulation GradeThis grade is intendedprimarily for electrical applications and others involving diffi-cult bending or forming operations.It is made in thicknessesfrom 0.004 to18in.(0.10 to 3.2 mm).Thin material of thisgrade is sometimes referred to as“fish paper.”4.2 The three grades of fibre are available in laminated sheetform in greater thicknesses than those listed in 4.1.1 to 4.1.3.Laminated(or built-up)fibre is composed of a number of pliesbonded together with a suitable adhesive.It retains all the basicproperties of solid fibre,including high arc resistance on edgesand faces,and in addition has better dimensional stability andless warpage.Laminated fibre is usually furnished when thethickness is over14in.(6.35 mm),and is potentially be1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published November 2013.Originallyapproved in 1943.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D710 97(2009)1.DOI:10.1520/D0710-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.(IEEE),445 Hoes Ln.,P.O.Box 1331,Piscataway,NJ 08854-1331,http:/www.ieee.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 furnished in thicknesses down to18in.(3.2 mm).Thicknessesup to 4 in.(102 mm)are commercially available.4.3 Thin sheet material,up to116in.thick is available in alower density uncalendered condition which