ASTM_D_7898_-_14_2020.pdf

Designation:D789814(Reapproved 2020)Standard Practice forLubrication and Hydraulic Filter Debris Analysis(FDA)forCondition Monitoring of Machinery1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7898;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this practice is to describe best practice methods for the analysis of filter debris frommachinery lubrication or hydraulic systems primarily for the purpose of machinery conditionmonitoring.The purpose of Filter Debris Analysis(FDA)is to determine the health of oil-wettedmachinery by analyzing the size,quantity,morphology,and composition of debris trapped by thesystem filter.FDA is emerging as an important condition monitoring technique as fine filtrationbecomes more common and the associated reduction of metallic particulates makes traditionalelemental analysis of the lubricant less effective.System filters have an added advantage overtraditional sample-based techniques in that they capture a high percentage of the total system debris(metallic,non-metallic,and organic particulate contamination)within the size range useful formachinery condition monitoring.1.Scope1.1 This practice is intended to cover the extraction,analysis,and information management pertaining to visiblewear debris collected from oil system filters or debris retentionscreens.Further,it is intended that this practice be a practicalreference for those involved in FDA.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D7684 Guide for Microscopic Characterization of Particlesfrom In-Service LubricantsD7685 Practice for In-Line,Full Flow,Inductive Sensor forFerromagnetic and Non-ferromagnetic Wear Debris De-termination and Diagnostics for Aero-Derivative and Air-craft Gas Turbine Engine BearingsD7720 Guide for Statistically Evaluating Measurand AlarmLimits when Using Oil Analysis to Monitor Equipmentand Oil for Fitness and ContaminationD7690 Practice for Microscopic Characterization of Par-ticles from In-Service Lubricants by Analytical Ferrogra-phyF316 Test Methods for Pore Size Characteristics of Mem-brane Filters by Bubble Point and Mean Flow Pore TestG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and ErosionD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and Lubricants2.2 Other Standards:TTCP-AER-TP3-TR01-2010 Guide for Filter Debris Analy-sis31This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.96.06 on Practices and Techniques for Prediction and Determination ofMicroscopic Wear and Wear-related Properties.Current edition approved Nov.1,2020.Published December 2020.Originallyapproved in 2014.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7898 14.DOI:10.1520/D7898-14R20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Published by the Technical Co-operation Program(TTCP),July 2010.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.13.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 abrasive wear,nwear due to hard particles or hardprotuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface.D41753.1.1.1 DiscussionAlso called cutting wear in some in-stances such as machining swarf.3.1.1.2 abrasive wear particles,nlong wire-like particlesin the form of loops or spirals that are generated due to hard,abrasive particles present between wearing surfaces of unequalhardness;sometimes called cutting wear particles or ribbons.D76843.1.1.3 three body abrasive wear,nform of abrasive