ASTM_D_7040_-_04_2020.pdf

Designation:D704004(Reapproved 2020)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Low Levels of Phosphorus in ILSAC GF 4and Similar Grade Engine Oils by Inductively CoupledPlasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7040;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determinationof phosphorus in unused lubricating oils,such as InternationalLubricant Standardization and Approval Committee(ILSAC)GF 4 and similar grade engine oils,by inductively coupledplasma atomic emission spectrometry.1.2 The precision statements are valid for dilutions in whichthe mass%sample in solvent is held constant in the range of1%to 5%by mass oil.1.3 The precision tables define the concentration rangescoveredintheinterlaboratorystudy(500 mg kgto800 mgkg).However,both lower and higher concentrationscan be determined by this test method.The low concentrationlimits are dependent on the sensitivity of the ICP instrumentand the dilution factor.The high concentration limits aredetermined by the product of the maximum concentrationdefined by the linear calibration curve and the sample dilutionfactor.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsD4927 Test Methods for Elemental Analysis of LubricantandAdditiveComponentsBarium,Calcium,Phosphorus,Sulfur,and Zinc by Wavelength-DispersiveX-Ray Fluorescence SpectroscopyD4951 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elementsin Lubricating Oils by Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission SpectrometryD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination ofUsed and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils byInductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrom-etry(ICP-AES)D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-leum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants TestingLaboratories3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A sample portion is weighed and diluted by mass withmixed xylenes or other solvent.An internal standard,which isrequired,is either weighed separately into the test solution or ispreviously combined with the dilution solvent.Calibrationstandards are prepared similarly.The solutions are introducedto the ICP instrument by a peristaltic pump(required).Bycomparing emission intensity of phosphorus in the test speci-men with emission intensities measured with the calibrationstandards and by applying the appropriate internal standard andbackground corrections,the concentrations of phosphorus inthe sample is calculated.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved May 1,2020.Published June 2020.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7040 04(2015).DOI:10.1520/D7040-04R20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method usually requires several minutes persample.Other test methods which can be used for the deter-mination of phosphorus in lubricating oils include WDXRFTest Method D4927 and ICPAES Test Methods D4951 andD5185.However,this