ASTM_D_7291_-_D_7291M_-_22.pdf

Designation:D7291/D7291M22Standard Test Method forThrough-Thickness“Flatwise”Tensile Strength and ElasticModulus of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix CompositeMaterial1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7291/D7291M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method determines the through-thickness“flat-wise”tensile strength and elastic modulus of fiber reinforcedpolymer matrix composite materials.A tensile force is appliednormal to the plane of the composite laminate using adhesivelybonded thick metal end-tabs.The composite material forms arelimited to continuous fiber(unidirectional reinforcement ortwo-dimensional fabric)or discontinuous fiber(nonwoven orchopped)reinforced composites.1.2 The through-thickness strength results using this testmethod will in general not be comparable to Test MethodD6415 since this method subjects a relatively large volume ofmaterial to an almost uniform stress field while Test MethodD6415 subjects a small volume of material to a non-uniformstress field.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-lents;therefore,to ensure conformance with the standard,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other,and valuesfrom the two systems shall not be combined.1.3.1 Within the text,the inch-pound units are shown inbrackets.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,operations,and equipment.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity(Rela-tive Density)of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD2651 Guide for Preparation of Metal Surfaces forAdhesiveBondingD2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced PlasticsD3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of CompositeMaterialsD3878 Terminology for Composite MaterialsD5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop-erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer MatrixComposite MaterialsD5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat CompositePanels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-tionD6415 Test Method for Measuring the Curved BeamStrength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Compos-iteE4 Practices for Force Calibration and Verification of Test-ing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or ProcessE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Me-tallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 onComposite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.06 onInterlaminar Properties.Current edition approved Oct.15,2022.Published November 2022.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7291/D7291M 15.DOI:10.1520/D7291_D7291M-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive AxialForce Application3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology D3878 defines terms relatingto high-modulus fibers and their composites.TerminologyD88