ASTM_D_7188_-_05_2010.pdf

Designation:D718805(Reapproved 2010)Standard Terminology forPrinting Inks,Materials,and Processes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7188;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology standard covers terms used in thedescription of printing inks,printing materials,and printingprocesses.1.2 This terminology standard does not include definitionsrelated to Print Problems(see Terminology D6488).1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and to determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint,Related Coatings,Materials,andApplicationsD1316 Test Method for Fineness of Grind of Printing InksBy the NPIRI GrindometerD1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell SystemD2066 Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink DispersionsD3732 Practice for Reporting Cure Times of Ultraviolet-Cured CoatingsD4040 Test Method for Rheological Properties of PastePrinting and Vehicles by the Falling-Rod ViscometerD4302 Specification for Artists Oil,Resin-Oil,and AlkydPaintsD4361 Test Method for Apparent Tack of Printing Inks andVehicles by a Three-Roller TackmeterD4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differ-ences Between Surfaces of Similar AppearanceD5010 Guide for Testing Printing Inks and Related MaterialsD5181 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of PrintedMatter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion TesterD5383 Practice for Visual Determination of the Lightfast-ness of Art Materials by Art TechnologistsD5403 Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Cur-able MaterialsD5909 Test Method for Drying Time of Oxidative-DryingPrinting Inks by Squalene ResistanceD6488 Terminology Relating to Print ProblemsD6493 Test Methods for Softening Point of HydrocarbonResins and Rosin Based Resins by Automated Ring-and-Ball ApparatusD6687 Guide for Testing Printing Ink Vehicles and Compo-nents ThereofE430 Test Methods for Measurement of Gloss of High-GlossSurfaces by Abridged Goniophotometry2.2 Other Documents:NAPIM:NationalAssociationofPrintingInkManufacturers,5thed.19883Kipphan:Handbook of Print Media Technologies and Pro-duction Methods,Kipphan,Helmut:Springer 20013.Significance and Use3.1 A common set of definitions is essential to improvecommunication and avoid misunderstanding among inkmakers,paper makers,and printers.3.2 Definitions that are verbatim from one of the referencedsources are indicated by giving the acronym of the organizationor the author of the book at the end of the definition.4.Terminology4.1 Definitions:abrasion resistance,n(1)the ability of a coating to resistbeing worn away and to maintain its original appearance andstructure when subjected to rubbing,scraping,or wear.D16(2)resistance against the act of scraping,smudging,orrubbing off.D5181(3)ability to withstand the effects of repeated rubbing andscuffing.NAPIMabrasiveness,n(1)the degree to which a product tends tocause abrasion by the act of rubbing or scraping.D51811This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.Current edition approved June 1,2010.Published July 2010.Originally approvedin 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7188 05.DOI:10.1520/D7188-05R10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Association of Printing Ink Manufacturers,581 MainSt.,5th Fl.,Woodbridge,NJ 07095,http:/www.napim.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1(2)the tendency of a substance to wear or scratch othersurfaces with which it is in contact.NAPIMabsorbency,nthe tendency of a porous material,such aspaper,to take up liquids or vapors.NAPIMabsorption,nsoaking in or penetration of liquid componentsof the ink into the pores of an absorbent substrate(a type ofphysical drying,like evaporation).Kipphanacross-machine direction,nthe perpendicular to with-machine direction,referring to a substrate and its passagethrough printing machinery.additive,na substance added in small quantities to anothersubstance,usually to improve properties;sometimes called amodifier(for example,a drier,mildewcide,etc.).D16additive primary colors,nred,green,and blue.NAPIMDISCUSSIONMixing lights of the