ASTM_D_7454_-_14e1.pdf

Designation:D7454141Standard Test Method forDetermination of Vibrated Bulk Density of CalcinedPetroleum Coke using a Semi-Automated Apparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7454;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEResearch Report information was added editorially to the Precision and Bias section in September 2014.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulkdensity of a representative 2-kg sample of calcined petroleumcoke,after vibration to increase compaction,using a semi-automatic apparatus.1.2 The procedure is applied,but not limited,to particlespassing through a 4.75-mm opening sieve and retained on a1.18-mm opening sieve.Further,the procedure is applied,butnot limited,to a specific test sample having particles passingthrough a 0.85-mm opening sieve and retained on a 0.425-mmopening sieve.This procedure could also be applied to othersieve fractions being agreed on in the aluminum industry asspecified in Annex A1.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 as-calcined particles,nof coke,those particles thathave not been subject to laboratory crushing.3.1.2 bulk density,nof coke,the ratio of the mass of acollection of particles of a specified particle size range to thevolume occupied.3.1.3 laboratory crushed particles,n of coke,those par-ticles of petroleum coke that have been crushed in thelaboratory.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The natural 4.75 by 1.18-mm fraction of the originalcoke is separated from the sample by manual screening,groundto 0.85 by 0.425 mm,and fed at a controlled rate into agraduated cylinder on a vibrating table until the coke reachesthe 50-mL mark.The collected coke is weighed and the bulkdensity is calculated and reported in g/mL.4.2 The procedure is empirical;close adherence to thetechnique and apparatus is necessary to ensure reproducibleresults.To provide comparable results in different locations,exact adjustments of operating parameters are required usingreference samples.5.Significance and Use5.1 Vibrated bulk density(VBD)is an indicator of calcinedpetroleum coke porosity,which affects its suitability for use inpitch-bonded carbon applications.(WarningVibrated bulkdensity for a sample of calcined petroleum coke is stronglydependent upon average particle size and particle size range.Bulk density tends to increase with decreasing coke size.Anarrow particle size range for this test minimizes the possibilityfor variation due to skewing of the test sample toward eitherscreen defining the sample.)6.Apparatus6.1 Pan BalanceAccurate to 0.1 g,with a capacity of2.0 kg.6.2 Riffle SamplerEnclosed drawer,approximately 380 by290 by 360 mm,24-slot.6.3 SievesMeeting Specification E11.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved May 1,2014.Published May 2014.Originallyapproved in 2008.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7454 08.DOI:10.1520/D7454-14E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.4 Sieve ShakerElectrical drive with an automatic timer;should have a rotating and tapping action.6.5 Roller CrusherLaboratory type;glass hardened rolls;roll diameter of approximately 150 mm;roll width of approxi-mately 150 mm;gap range from 0 to 12.7 mm.6.6 Thickness Gauges(leaf-type)0.4,1.0,1.5,and4.0 mm.6.7 Semi-Automated VBD Apparatus,As shown in Fig.1.See also comments about installation in Annex A1.6.7.1 Borosilicate Glass Powder Funnels8-cm diameterfunnels with 1-cm internal diameter and stems about 3.5 cmlong.Tips of funnels should be cut at a right(not oblique)angles(see Fig.1).The distance between the tip of the upperfunnel and the bottom of th