ASTM_D_6898_-_03_2016.pdf

Designation:D689803(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forEvaluating Diesel Fuel Lubricity by an Injection Pump Rig1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6898;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONAll diesel fuel injection equipment relies,to some extent,on diesel fuel as a lubricant.Shortenedlife of diesel fuel injection pumps and injectors from wear caused by excessive friction has sometimesbeen ascribed to lack of lubricity in the fuel.This test assesses the lubricity of a fuel by operation ofthe fuel in a typical fuel injection system comprised of injection pump,high pressure pipes,andinjectors on a pump test rig bench.The test models an actual commercial application of suchequipment.The pump performance is evaluated on a test bench meeting SAE J1668 requirements.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers evaluating the lubricity of dieselfuels using a pump rig test and Stanadyne Model DB4427-4782 pumps.NOTE1Other pumps may be used if a correlation between pumpperformance factors and fuel lubricity has been developed.1.2 This test method is applicable to any fuel used in dieselengines,including those which may contain a lubricity enhanc-ing additive.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific warningstatements are given in Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D329 Specification for AcetoneD362 Specification for Industrial Grade Toluene(Withdrawn1989)3D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationD6078 Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuelsby the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evalua-tor(SLBOCLE)D6079 Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuelsby the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig(HFRR)2.2 SAE Standards:4SAE J967 Calibration Fluid for Diesel Injection EquipmentSAE J968/1 Diesel Injection Pump TestingPart 1:Cali-brating Nozzles and Holder AssembliesSAE J1418 Fuel Injection PumpsHigh Pressure Pipes(Tubing)for TestingSAE J1668 Diesel EnginesFuel Injection Pump Testing3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 boundary lubrication,na condition in which thefriction and wear between two surfaces in relative motion aredetermined by the properties of the surfaces and the propertiesof the contacting fluid,other than bulk viscosity.3.1.1.1 DiscussionMetal to metal contact occurs and thechemistry of the system is involved.Physically adsorbed or1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.E0 on Burner,Diesel,Non-Aviation Gas Turbine,and MarineFuels.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6898 03(2010).DOI:10.1520/D6898-03R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from SAE International(SAE),400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096,http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 chemically reacted soft films(usually very thin)supportcontact loads.Consequently,some wear is inevitable.3.1.2 lubricity,na qualitative term describing the abilityof a fluid to affect friction between,and wear to,surfaces inrelative motion under load.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIn this test method,the lubricity of afluid is evaluated by comparing critical pump componentdimensions,fuel flow rate and transfer pump pressures beforeand after testing under defined and controlled conditions.Acomputed value known as pump lubricity value(PLV)results.3.1.3 roller-to-roller(R-R),na linear measurement ofopposing pumping plungers in an injection pump when pres-surized to force the plungers outward against the adjustablestop mechanism.3.1.4 transfer pump(TP),na vane type low pressuresupply pump internal to an injection pump.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Prior to the start of the 500 h test,the roller-to-