ASTM_D_7008_-_08_2013.pdf

Designation:D700808(Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forGeosynthetic Alternate Daily Covers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7008;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for reusableand nonreusable geosynthetic alternate daily covers(ADCs)used on the working face of municipal solid waste landfills(MSWLF).Geosynthetic ADCs include a wide range ofproducts including,but not limited to,reinforced film,unrein-forced film,reinforced sheet,unreinforced sheet,coated geo-textile and uncoated geotextile.1.2 This standard addresses the base ADC materials anddoes not address grommets,straps or other fabricated parts.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance(Graves Tear)ofPlastic Film and SheetingD4355 Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles byExposure to Light,Moisture and Heat in a Xenon ArcType ApparatusD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-textilesD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongationof GeotextilesD4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance ofGeomembranes and Related ProductsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials2.2 Other Standards:National Fire Protection Association(NFPA)701 StandardMethods of Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of TextilesGeosynthetic Research Institute(GRI)SpecificationGM11 Accelerated Weathering of Geomembranes using aFluorescent UVA-Condensation Exposure Device3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms related togeosynthetics,refer to Terminology D4439.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 alternate daily cover,nan alternative to the tradi-tional 15 cm(6 in.)soil cover required by the USEPA forlandfill working faces to“control disease vectors,fires,odors,blowing liter,and scavenging,without presenting a threat tohuman health and the environment.”3.2.2 fire retardant,adjin geosynthetic ADCs,meeting therequirements of NFPA701,Method 1,Standard Method of FireTests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and Films.3.2.3 nonreusable,adjin geosynthetics,a fabric or filmintended to be placed once and then disposed of,discarded,orleft in place.3.2.4 reusable,adjin geosynthetics,a fabric or membranematerial intended to be retrieved and installed more than onceto perform the cover function.3.2.5 working face,nthe area of a landfill in which wasteis actively being deposited.4.Classification of Geosynthetic ADCs4.1 NonreusableNonreusable geosynthetic ADCs consistof disposable films or geotextiles,intended to be left in placewithout retrieval.Special equipment exists to facilitate theplacement and anchoring of these materials to cover theworking face of landfills.The cover may contain pro-degradantadditives to accelerate degradation within the waste to allowthe free flow of fluids and gases within the waste mass.Threeclasses of nonreusable ADCs are specified based on tensile,tear and puncture properties(see Table 1).4.2 ReusableReusable geosynthetic ADCs consist of vari-ous types of fabric or plastic membranes that have either been1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Perme-ability and Filtration.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D700808.DOI:10.1520/D7008-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 developed or adapted for use as a daily cover material.Panelsfabricated from these materials are placed over the workingface at the end of the day,and retrieved prior to the start of thenext operating day.Special mechanized equipment can be usedto facilitate the placement and retrieval of panels.Three classesof reusable ADCs are specified based on tensile,tear andpuncture properties(see Table 2).4.3 Fire RetardantMeets the requirements of 6.4.4.4 UV ResistantMeets the requirements of 6.5.5.Physical Properties5.1 GeneralIn ord