ASTM_D_698_-_12_2021.pdf

Designation:D69812(Reapproved 2021)Standard Test Methods forLaboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil UsingStandard Effort(12,400 ft-lbf/ft3(600 kN-m/m3)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D698;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction meth-ods used to determine the relationship between molding watercontent and dry unit weight of soils(compaction curve)compacted in a 4 or 6-in.(101.6 or 152.4-mm)diameter moldwith a 5.50-lbf(24.5-N)rammer dropped from a height of 12.0in.(305 mm)producing a compactive effort of 12 400 ft-lbf/ft3(600 kN-m/m3).NOTE1The equipment and procedures are similar as those proposedby R.R.Proctor(Engineering News RecordSeptember 7,1933)withthis one major exception:his rammer blows were applied as“12 inch firmstrokes”instead of free fall,producing variable compactive effort depend-ing on the operator,but probably in the range 15 000 to 25 000ft-lbf/ft3(700 to 1200 kN-m/m3).The standard effort test(see 3.1.4)issometimes referred to as the Proctor Test.1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded asnatural occurring fine-or coarse-grained soils,or composites ormixtures of natural soils,or mixtures of natural and processedsoils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock.Hereafterreferred to as either soil or material.1.2 These test methods apply only to soils(materials)thathave 30%or less by mass of particles retained on the34-in.(19.0-mm)sieve and have not been previously compacted inthe laboratory;that is,do not reuse compacted soil.1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and moldingwater contents of soils with 30%or less by mass of materialretained on the34-in.(19.0-mm)sieve to unit weights andmolding water contents of the fraction passing34-in.(19.0-mm)sieve,see Practice D4718/D4718M.1.3 Three alternative methods are provided.The methodused shall be as indicated in the specification for the materialbeing tested.If no method is specified,the choice should bebased on the material gradation.1.3.1 Method A:1.3.1.1 Mold4-in.(101.6-mm)diameter.1.3.1.2 MaterialPassing No.4(4.75-mm)sieve.1.3.1.3 LayersThree.1.3.1.4 Blows per Layer25.1.3.1.5 UsageMay be used if 25%or less(see 1.4)bymass of the material is retained on the No.4(4.75-mm)sieve.1.3.1.6 Other UsageIf this gradation requirement cannotbe met,then Method C may be used.1.3.2 Method B:1.3.2.1 Mold4-in.(101.6-mm)diameter.1.3.2.2 MaterialPassing38-in.(9.5-mm)sieve.1.3.2.3 LayersThree.1.3.2.4 Blows per Layer25.1.3.2.5 UsageMay be used if 25%or less(see 1.4)bymass of the material is retained on the38-in.(9.5-mm)sieve.1.3.2.6 Other UsageIf this gradation requirement cannotbe met,then Method C may be used.1.3.3 Method C:1.3.3.1 Mold6-in.(152.4-mm)diameter.1.3.3.2 MaterialPassing34-in.(19.0-mm)sieve.1.3.3.3 LayersThree.1.3.3.4 Blows per Layer56.1.3.3.5 UsageMay be used if 30%or less(see 1.4)bymass of the material is retained on the34-in.(19.0-mm)sieve.1.3.4 The 6-in.(152.4-mm)diameter mold shall not be usedwith Method A or B.NOTE2Results have been found to vary slightly when a material istested at the same compactive effort in different size molds,with thesmaller mold size typically yielding larger values of density/unit weight(1,pp.21+).21.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5%by mass ofoversize fraction(coarse fraction)and the material will not beincluded in the test,corrections must be made to the unit massand molding water content of the specimen or to the appropri-ate field-in-place density test specimen using Practice D4718/D4718M.1.5 This test method will generally produce a well-definedmaximum dry unit weight for non-free draining soils.If this1These Test Methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 onSoil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture,Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils.Current edition approved July 1,2021.Published July 2021.Originally approvedin 1942.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D698 122.DOI:10.1520/D0698-12R21.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1test method is used for free-draining