ASTM_D_6926_-_10.pdf

Designation:D692610Standard Practice forPreparation of Bituminous Specimens Using MarshallApparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6926;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers preparation and compaction of 102mm(4 in.)diameter by nominal 64 mm(2.5 in.)highcylindrical bituminous paving mixture specimens by means ofthe original manual Marshall method and subsequent variationsof the method(Test Method D6927).This practice is intendedfor use with laboratory and plant produced bituminous mix-tures with aggregate up to 25 mm(1 in.)maximum size and forrecompaction of asphalt pavement samples.1.2 There are three types of Marshall compaction apparatusin use.The following types of hammer arrangements areincluded in this practice:1.2.1 Manually held hammer handle attached to a flatcompaction foot through a spring loaded swivel and is handoperated(original standard developed by the Corps of Engi-neers).1.2.2 Hammer handle restrained laterally(fixed)but notvertically attached to a flat compaction foot through a springloaded swivel and is either mechanically or hand operated.There may or may not be a constant surcharge on top of thehammer handle.Mechanical hammers are available that oper-ate at(1)nominal 55 blows per minute and(2)equal to orgreater than 75 blows per minute.1.2.3 Hammer handle restrained laterally(fixed)with con-stant surcharge on top of hammer,a slanted compaction foot,rotating mold base,and is mechanically operated.1.3 Although the mass and height of mass drop for eachapparatus are the same,density achieved in compacted speci-mens with the same number of blows will be different.It is upto the user to establish the specific required number of blows tobe used for compaction of the specimen in relation to the field.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2493 Standard Viscosity-Temperature Chart for AsphaltsD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving MaterialsD6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow ofAsphalt MixturesE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Significance and Use3.1 Compacted bituminous mixture specimens molded bythis procedure are used for various physical tests such asstability,flow,indirect tensile strength,fatigue,creep,andmodulus.Density and voids analysis are also conducted onspecimens for mixture design and evaluation of field compac-tion.NOTE1Uncompacted mixtures are used for determination of theo-retical maximum specific gravity.4.Apparatus4.1 Specimen Mold AssemblyMold cylinders,base plates,and extension collars shall conform to the details shown in Fig.1.4.2 Specimen ExtractorThe specimen extractor shall havea steel disk that will enter the mold without binding and not beless than 3.95 in.(100 mm)in diameter and12in.(12.5 mm)thick.The steel disk is used for extracting compacted speci-mens from molds with the use of the mold collar.Any suitableextraction device such as a hydraulic jack apparatus or a leverarm device may be used,provided the specimens are notdeformed during the extraction process.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road andPaving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 onMechanical Tests of Bituminous Mixtures.Current edition approved June 15,2010.Published September 2010.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D692604 DOI:10.1520/D6926-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.3 Compaction Hammers:4.3.1 Compaction Hammers with a Manually Held(Type 1)or Fixed(Type 2)Handle,either mechanically or hand operatedas generally shown in Fig.2,shall have a flat,circularcompaction foot with spring loaded swivel and a 10 6 0.02 lb(4.54 6 0.01 kg)sliding mass with a free fall of 18 6 0.06 in.(457.2 6 1.5 mm)(see Fig.2 for hammer tolerances).Atypicalmechanical hammer is shown in Fig.3.NOTE2Manual compaction hammers should be equipped with afinger safety guard.4.3.2 Compaction Ha