ASTM_D_7060_-_20.pdf

Designation:D706020Standard Test Method forDetermination of the Maximum Flocculation Ratio andPeptizing Power in Residual and Heavy Fuel Oils(OpticalDetection Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7060;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for quantifying themaximum flocculation ratio of the asphaltenes in the oil and thepeptizing power of the oil medium,by an automatic instrumentusing an optical device.1.2 This test method is applicable to atmospheric or vacuumdistillation residues,thermally cracked residue,intermediateand finished residual fuel oils,containing at least 1%by massasphaltenes.This test method has not been developed forasphalts.NOTE1An optical probe detects the formation of flocculated as-phaltenes.The start of flocculation is interpreted when a significant andsustained increase in rate-of-change of signal,as measured by the opticalprobe,ensures flocculation is in progress.The start of flocculation can bedetected unambiguously when the sample contains at least 1%massasphaltenes as measured by Test Method D6560.NOTE2This test method is applicable to products typical of Specifi-cation D396Grades 5L,5H,and 6,and Specification D2880Grades3-GT and 4-GT.1.3 This test method was evaluated in an interlaboratorystudy in the nominal range of 32 to 76 for the maximumflocculation ratio and in the nominal range of 36 to 95 forpeptizing power.NOTE3The nominal range is determined by(min.sample meanReproducibility)to(max.sample mean+Reproducibility).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D396 Specification for Fuel OilsD2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4870 Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment inResidual FuelsD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and LubricantsD6560 Test Method for Determination of Asphaltenes(Hep-tane Insolubles)in Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Prod-uctsD6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-leum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants TestingLaboratories3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 asphaltenes,n(rarely used in the singular),in petro-leum technology,represent an oil fraction that is soluble in aspecified aromatic solvent but separates upon addition of anexcess of a specified paraffinic solvent.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this test method,the aromatic sol-vent is 1-methylnapthalene,and the paraffinic solvent isn-hexadecane.3.1.2 compatibility,n of crude oils or of heavy fuel oils,the ability of two or more crude oils or fuel oils to blend1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on Stability,Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved May 1,2020.Published June 2020.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7060 12(2019).DOI:10.1520/D7060-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.together within certain concentration ranges without evidenceof separation,such as the formation of multiple phases.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIncompatible heavy fuel oils or cr