ASTM_D_892_-_13.pdf

Designation:D89213British Standard 5092Designation:146/2000Standard Test Method forFoaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foam-ing characteristics of lubricating oils at 24C and 93.5C.Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and thestability of the foam are described.1.2 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see Sections 7,8,and 9.1.1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D6082 Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Charac-teristics of Lubricating OilsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory UseE1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-ders3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 diffuser,nfor gas,a device for dispersing gas into afluid.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this test method the diffuser may bemade of either metallic or non-metallic materials.3.1.2 entrained air(or gas),nin liquids,a two-phasemixture of air(or gas)dispersed in a liquid in which the liquidis the major component on a volumetric basis.3.1.2.1 DiscussionEntrained air(or gas)may form microsize bubbles in liquids that are not uniformly dispersed and thatmay coalesce to form larger bubbles below or at the surfacewhich break or form foam.3.1.3 foam,nin liquids,a collection of bubbles formed inor on the surface of a liquid in which the air or gas is the majorcomponent on a volumetric basis.3.1.4 lubricant,nany material interposed between twosurfaces that reduces friction or wear between them.D60823.1.4.1 DiscussionIn this test method,the lubricant is anoil which may or may not contain additives such as foaminhibitors.3.1.5 maximum pore diameter,nin gas diffusion,thediameter of a circular cross-section of a capillary is equivalentto the largest pore of the diffuser under consideration.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThe pore dimension is expressed inmicrometres(m).3.1.6 permeability,n in gas diffusion,the rate of asubstance that passes through a material(diffuser)under givenconditions.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.Current edition approved June 15,2013.Published July 2013.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D892 11a.DOI:10.1520/D0892-13.In the IP,this test method is under the jurisdiction of the StandardizationCommittee.This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees andaccepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 dynamic bubble,nthe first bubble to pass throughand escape from the diffuser followed by a continuous succes-sion of bubbles when testing for the maximum pore diameter inAnnex A1.3.2.1.1 DiscussionWhen a diffuser is immersed in aliquid,air can be trapped in the pores.It can escape eventuallyor as soon as a pressure is applied to the diffuser.When testingfor maximum p