ASTM_D_828_-_22.pdf

Designation:D82822Standard Test Method forTensile Properties of Paper and Paperboard UsingConstant-Rate-of-Elongation Apparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D828;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for determiningtensile properties of paper and paperboard.1.2 The procedures given in this test method are for use withconstant-rate-of-elongation tensile testing equipment and assuch,are able to be used with instruments designed for eithervertical or horizontal operation,and whether manually oper-ated or computer controlled.1.3 These procedures are applicable for all types of paper,paperboard,paper products,and related materials within themeasurement limitations of the equipment used.They are notfor use with combined corrugated board.1.4 Properties able to be determined using this test methodinclude tensile strength,stretch,tensile energy absorption,tensile stiffness,breaking length,and tensile index.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related Product(Withdrawn 2010)3D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor TestingD987 Test Method for Test for Stretch of Paper and PaperProducts Under Tension(Withdrawn 1968)3D1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper ProductsE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or Process3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D1968 or the Dictionary ofPaper.43.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 line contact grips,ngrips or jaws on a tensile testingmachine having a clamping zone for gripping the specimencomprised of a cylindrical and a flat surface or two cylindricalsurfaces whose axes are parallel.3.2.2 paper,nplanar structures deposited from an aqueoussuspension that has a thickness less than 1 mm containingorganic material,nonorganic material,or a combination of thetwo.4.Significance and Use4.1 The tensile properties measured in this test method arefundamental properties associated with the manufacture,or end1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.Current edition approved May 1,2022.Published May 2022.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D828 161.DOI:10.1520/D0828-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,POBox 105113,Atlanta,GA 30348.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1use,or both,of paper and paper products.It is possible forproducts to be influenced by,or indicative of:the type fibersused or the treatment of the fibers,or both,in a particularpaper:or of specific manufacturing procedures used in produc-ing a specific paper or paper product.Likewise,it is possiblefor paper converting operations to significantly impact proper-ties measured using this test method,and this test method is apossible tool to measure and understand such effects.4.2 Tensile strength is indic