ASTM_D_873_-_12.pdf

Designation:D87312British Standard 4456Designation:138/99Standard Test Method forOxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels(Potential ResidueMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D873;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method2covers the determination of thetendency of aviation reciprocating,turbine,and jet engine fuelsto form gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions.(WarningThis test method is not intended for determiningthe stability of fuel components,particularly those with a highpercentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds,as thesemay cause explosive conditions within the apparatus.)NOTE1For the measurement of the oxidation stability(inductionperiod)of motor gasoline,refer to Test Method D525.1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal(kPa);the accepted SI unit of temperature is C.1.3 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-rationD525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline(In-duction Period Method)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-tion Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 The following definitions of terms are all expressed interms of milligrams per 100 mL of sample,after“X”hoursaging,“X”being the accelerated aging(oxidation)period at100C.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 insoluble gum,ndeposit adhering to the glasssample container after removal of the aged fuel,precipitate,and soluble gum.3.2.1.1 DiscussionInsoluble gum is obtained by measur-ing the increase in mass of the glass sample container.3.2.2 potential gum,nsum of the soluble and insolublegum.3.2.3 precipitate,nsediment and suspended material in theaged fuel,obtained by filtering the aged fuel and washingsfrom the glass sample container.3.2.4 soluble gum,ndeterioration products present at theend of a specific aging period.These deterioration productsexist in solution in the aged fuel and as the toluene-acetonesoluble portion of the deposit on the glass sample container.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and acceptedby the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.Current edition approved June 1,2012.Published October 2012.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D87302(2007).DOI:10.1520/D0873-12.2Further information can be found in the June 1978,January 1979,and June1986 editions of the Institute of Petroleum Review.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe soluble gum is obtained as a non-volatile residue by evaporating the aged fuel and the toluene-acetone washings from the glass sample container.3.2.5 total potential residue,nsum of the potential gumand the precipitate.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The fuel is oxidized under prescribed conditions in apressure vessel filled with oxygen.The amounts of solublegum,insoluble gum,and precipitate formed are weighed.(WarningIn addition to other precautions,to provide pro-tection against the possibility of explosive rupture of thepressure vessel,the pressure vessel should be operated behindan appropriate safety shield.)5.Significance a